What does the genetic information in a cell allow it to do?
synthesize specific proteins that determine the cell's structure and allow it to control metabolism
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What is each strand of the DNA molecule made up of?
nucleotides
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What is a single DNA nucleotide made up of?
a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogeneous base
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What type of bond are the two strands connected with?
weak hydrogen
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What are the names of the four DNA bases?
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine
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In which direction the the strands run relative to eachother?
antiparallel
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What is a prokaryotic cell?
A cell with no distinct nucleus
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Where is DNA organised in prokaryotes?
circular chromosomes and plasmids
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Give an example of a porkaryotic cell
bacteria
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What is a eukaryotic cell?
A cell with a nucleus to store its genetic information
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Where is the DNA organised in eukaryotes?
tightly coiled into linear chromosomes in the nucleus but is also found in small circular chromosomes in the mitohondria and in the case of plants in their chloroplasts
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Give an example of a eukaryotic cell
human cell
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In yeast cells where can DNA also be found?
tightly coiled into linear chromosomes within the nucleus but some yeast cells also have plasmids in their cytoplasm.
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What is the name of the very strong backbone of a single strand of DNA?
sugar-phosphate backbone
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What does the genetic information in a cell allow it to do?
Back
synthesize specific proteins that determine the cell's structure and allow it to control metabolism
Card 3
Front
What is each strand of the DNA molecule made up of?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is a single DNA nucleotide made up of?
Back
Card 5
Front
What type of bond are the two strands connected with?
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