Boilogy Organisation

?
  • Created by: ZGrimwood
  • Created on: 20-11-19 20:56
What is a Tissue?
A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function
1 of 62
What is an Organ?
A group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function
2 of 62
What is an Organ System?
A group of Organs working together to perform a particular function
3 of 62
What is a Catalyst?
A substance which increases the speed of a reaction, without being changed or used up in the reaction
4 of 62
Why can Enzymes be described as biological catalysts?
They speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy
5 of 62
What does it mean when an enzyme has been denatured?
If enzymes are exposed to extremes of pH or high temperatures the shape of their active site may change. If this happens then the substrate will no longer fit into the enzymes
6 of 62
What is Rate a measure of?
How much something changes over time
7 of 62
What do Carbohydrases convert Carbohydrates into?
Simple sugars
8 of 62
What do Proteases convert Proteins into?
Amino Acids
9 of 62
What do Lipases convert Lipids into?
Glycerol and Fatty Acids
10 of 62
What is Bile?
Neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats
11 of 62
Where is Bile stored?
Gall bladder
12 of 62
What is the role of the Salivary Glands?
Produce amylase enzyme in the saliva
13 of 62
What is the role of the Liver?
Where bile is produced
14 of 62
What is the role of the Gall bladder?
Where Bile is stored befor it is released into the small intestine
15 of 62
What is the role of the Large Intestine?
Where excess water is absorbed from the food
16 of 62
What is the role of the Stomach?
It pummels the food with its muscular walls, Produces protease, enzyme and pepsin, Produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and give the right [H for the protease enzyme to work
17 of 62
What is the role of the Pancreas?
Produces protease, amylase, lipase
18 of 62
What is the role of the Small Intestine?
Produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes to complete digestion, Where digested food id absorbed
19 of 62
What is the role of the Rectum?
Where Faeces are stored
20 of 62
How do you test for Sugars?
Benedict's Test
21 of 62
How do you test for Starch?
Iodine Solution
22 of 62
How do you test for Proteins?
Biuret Test
23 of 62
How do you test for Lipids?
Sudan 111 Test
24 of 62
What is the top part of your body called?
Thorax
25 of 62
What is the top and bottom part of your body seperated by?
Diaphragm
26 of 62
What is the role of the Alveoli?
Where gas exchange happens
27 of 62
Why is the Circulatory Systemin humans described as the 'Double Circulatory System'?
Because it is 2 circuits joined together. The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The left side pumps oxygenated blood around all the other organs in the body
28 of 62
Why does the heart have Valves?
To make sure the blood flows in the right direction - they prevent it flowing backwards
29 of 62
What are the 4 chamnbers of the heart?
Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Vantricle, Left Atrium
30 of 62
What is the Heart?
A pumping organ that keeps the blood flowing around the body
31 of 62
How is your Resting Heart Rate controlled?
By a group of cells in the right atrium wall that act as a pacemaker
32 of 62
What is the Circulatory System made up of?
Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood
33 of 62
What is Blood made up of?
Red blood cells, White blood cells, Plasma, Platelets
34 of 62
What is the role of Red Blood Cells?
To carry oxygen around the body
35 of 62
What is the role of White Blood Cells?
Fight Infection
36 of 62
What is the role of Platelets
Invloved in clotting
37 of 62
What is the role of Plasma
Liquid part of blood
38 of 62
What are Arteries?
Carry blood away from heart
39 of 62
What are the adaptations of Arteries?
Strong and elastic because the heart pumps blood at high pressure,
40 of 62
What are Capillaries invloved in?
The exchange of materials at the tissues
41 of 62
What are the adaptations of Capillaries?
Permeable walls so substances can diffuse in and out
42 of 62
What are Veins?
Carry blood to the heart
43 of 62
What are the adaptations of the Veins?
Bif lumen to help the blood flow, Valves tokepp blood flowing in right direction and prevent backflow
44 of 62
How do you calculate the rate of Blood Flow?
Volume of Blood / Number of Minutes
45 of 62
What is Coronary Heart Disease?
When coronary arteries that supply the blood to the muscle of the heart gets blocked by layers of fatty material building up
46 of 62
What are Stents and how do they help with Coronary Heart Disease?
Tubes that are inserted inside arteries to keep them open, making sure blood can pass through to the heart muscles, This keeps the person alive.
47 of 62
What are the Positives of Stents?
Effective for a long time, Recovery time for surgery is relatively quick
48 of 62
What are the Negatives of Stents?
Risk of compilations suring operation, Risk of infection from surgery, Risk of patients developing a blood clot near the stent
49 of 62
What is Cholesterol?
An essential lipid that your body produces and needs to function properly
50 of 62
What do Statins do to do with Cholesterol?
A drug that can reduce the amount of 'bad' cholesterol present in thre bloodstream which slows down the rate of fatty deposists forming
51 of 62
What are the Advanatges of Statins?
Reduces the risk of Strokes, Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Attacks, Increase the amount of 'good' Cholesterol, Can also prevent other diseases
52 of 62
What are the Disadvantages of Statins?
A long-term drug which needs to be taken regularly, Negative side effects, Takes time for the effect to work
53 of 62
What is the Main Advantage of an Artificial Heart?
Less likely to be rejected by the body's immune system
54 of 62
What is a Disadavantage of an Artificial Heart?
Don't work as well as natural hearts
55 of 62
What is the defenition of Communicable Diseases?
A disease that can spread from person to person or animals and people
56 of 62
What is the defenition of Non-Communicable Diseases?
A disease that cannot be spread between animals and people
57 of 62
What are the risk factors of causing a disease?
Smoking, Alcohol, Exposure to certain substances, Obesity, Viral Infection, Inheritage of faulty genes
58 of 62
What is a Benign Tumour?
Non-Cancerous Tumour
59 of 62
What is a Malignant Tumour?
Cancerous Tumour
60 of 62
What is Transpiration?
The loss of water from the plant. It is caused by the evaporation and diffusionof water from a plants surface
61 of 62
What are the 4 main things which effect Transpiration?
Light Intensity, Temperature, Air Flow, Humidity
62 of 62

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is an Organ?

Back

A group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function

Card 3

Front

What is an Organ System?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a Catalyst?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why can Enzymes be described as biological catalysts?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

See all Biology resources »See all Organisation resources »