Join pieces of DNA together at specific sites called 'sticky ends'
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Sticky Ends
Where pieces of DNA is joined
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Cytoplasm
Watery jelly- most cell activities occur.
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Mitochondria
Where aerobic respiration occur
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Nucleus
Contains DNA
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Cell Membrane
Controlles what goes in and out the cell.
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Homozygous
Identical alleles
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Phenotype
The characteristic produced by a certan set of alleles /The expressed characiteristic e.g. brown eyes, black eyes
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Recessive allele
Describes an allele that will only affect the phenotype if the other allele is also recessive. it has no affect if the other allele is dominant
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Heterozygous
Differend alleles e.g. Bb
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Alleles
Most genes come in different versions
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Dominant alleles
Describes an allele that will always affect a phenotype as opposed to a recessive allele, whose effect will not be seen if a dominant allele is present
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Zygote
A fertilised egg cell
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Genotype
The alleles of a certain characteristic that are found in an organism
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Haploid
Half set of chromosomes
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Diploid
Full set of chromosomes
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Acrosome
Vacuole on the tip of the headto help the sperm swim into the jelly coating of the egg.
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Main features of meiosis
Cell divides 2x forming 4 gametes / the gametes are genetically different from each other
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Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction
So you end up with variation twins (non-identical twins)
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OCA2 Gene
Controles the amount of melanin produced (protein which makes hair, eyes, and skin darker in colour)
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