complex cells wich are compelx cells. Eukaryotes are organisms made up of eukaryotic cells.
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Prokaryotic
Smaller and simpilar cells. a prokaryote is a prokaaryoic cell. (single celled organism.)
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nucleus
Conatains ginetic material and activities of the cell.
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Cytoplasm
A gell like substance where most chemical reactions take palce.
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Cell membrane
Hollds the cell together and controls what comes in and out.
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Mitochondria
Where most respiration eactions take place.
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Ribosomes
These are involved in translation of ginetic material.
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Cell wall(Plant only)
made of cellulose it supports teh cell and strengthens it.
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Vacuole(plant only)
Contains a cell sap which is a solution of sugar and salts. Maintains internal pressure of the cell.
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Chloroplasts.
Where photysinthesis takes -place.
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Chlorophyll.
The green pigment that allows phitosymthesis to take place.
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Bacteria cells.
smaller han plant cells or animal cells.
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Chromsomal DNA.(Bacteria)
(oNe long circular chromosome) Controls teh cell's activities and replication. Floats free in cytoplasm.
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Plasmid DNA(Bacteria)-Small loops.
Small loops of extra DNA not part of the chromosome. Plasmids conatins things for like druge ressitance and cna be passed between bacteria.
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Flagellum(bacteria)
A long hair like substance that allows teh bacteria to move.
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Sexual reproduction cells.
he nucleus of an egg cell fuses with the nucleus of an sperm cell to create a fertialsied egg which then develops into an embryo.
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Haploid
Cell that conatins half the chromosomes.
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Egg cell.
Carry female DNA and noruish embryo in the early stages. It conatins nutrients in teh cytoplasm. Hapliod. Staright vadter fertilisation teh membrane structure changes so only one sperm can enter.
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Sperm cell.
Transports male DNA. Long tale to swim to the egg. It has lots of itchondria to give it enrgy to swim to the egg. As ab acrosome in the head which contains emzymes allwoing it to digest through the membrane of the egg. Hapliod.
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Cillia
Hair like structrures on the surface of the cell membrane.
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Ciliated epithelial cells.
The function is to move subsances. Cllia beat to move substances along the surface of the tissue. Linings of airways contains tese cells to help move he mucus uo the throat to be swolled so it wont enter the lungs.
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Microscopy
The method of studing cells through microscopes.
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Light microscopes.
Invneted in the 190s. Work by passi ng light through the specimein. They allow us to see teh nucleas and chloroplasts and they ca be used on living cells.
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Electron microscopes.
Invented in the 1930s. Use electrons rather than light. they have a higher resoloution and mgnification allwoing us to see in more detail.We can see more things such as the internal structure of mictrocondria and chloroplasts. Canot be used on living
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equation of microscopy.
magnifiacation = Image size/Real size.
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Enzymes
Catalyst produced by living things. have special shapoes to catalyse reactions.
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Substrate
chemicla changed in reaction. enzymes only work with oen substrate.
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Active site.
Is where the substrate joins on to catalyse the reaction. substrate must fit into teh cative site.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Prokaryotic
Back
Smaller and simpilar cells. a prokaryote is a prokaaryoic cell. (single celled organism.)
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