Biology Paper 2

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What is the Sensory Neurone?
Receptor to Co- Ordination centre
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What is the Relay Neurone?
From sensory to motor
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What is a Motor Neurone?
Co- ordination centre to effector
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What are the bundle of neurones called?
Nerves
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What does the Nervous System do?
The reflex arc allows our nervous system to respond in a stimulus very quickly ( change in environment). It passes the brain to increase speed.
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What are the steps of crossing the synapse? ( part 1)
1) electrical signal passes along Pre - synaptic neurone 2) At the end of the pre- synaptic neurone vesicles release chemical neurotransmitters. 3) neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse 4) Neurotransmitters bind to receptor along post - synapt
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What are the steps of crossing the synapse? ( part 2)
4) Neurotransmitters bind to receptor along post - synaptic neurone 5) Causes electrical impulse to continue along post- synaptic neutron 6) Finally the neurontansmitters diffuse back to the vesicles in the pre-synaptic neurone.
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What is the Pre- Synaptic neurone?
Chemical neurotransmitter & electrical signal passes along, before synapse
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What is the Post- synaptic neurone?
Electrical impulses after synapse
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What is the synapse?
Bit in the middle
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What is a neurotransmitter?
Diffuses across synapse, chemical released by vesicles
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What is a Stimulus?
Changes in environment
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What is a Receptor?
detects change
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What is the Co- ordination centre?
co-ordinates response, involuntary- spinal cord, Voluntary- spinal cord & brain
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What is a Effector?
Brings about response e.g muscle contracts & gland releases a hormone.
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What is the menstrual cycle?
28 days average cycle, ovulation egg is released on the 14th day. menstrual cycle lasts 1-7 days
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What are the 3 parts of the nervous system?
Brain, Nerves, Spinal cord
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What does Homeostasis & response mean?
Maintaining a constant internal environment so cells can function at their optimum.
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What are the Hormones involved? (Part 1)
1) Pituitary Gland releases PSH which causes an egg to mature. 2) Ovary produces Oestrogen which causes the uterus lining to thicken 3) Pituitary gland produces LH which causes mature egg to be released
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What are the Hormones involved? (Part 2)
4) Ovary produces Progesterone which causes uterus lining to be maintained 5) If egg isn't fertilised Uterus lining is shred and women gets period.
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What is the Pituitary Gland?
Produces lots if hormones to regulate body conditions
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What are Ovaries?
Produces Oestrogen involved in menstrual cycle
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What are Testes?
Produces Testosterone which controls puberty and sperm production
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What is Thyroid?
Produces thyroxine for metabolism, heart rate and temperature
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What is the Adrenal Gland?
Produces adrenaline
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What is the pancreas?
Produces Insulin to regulate bloody glucose levels
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What are the causes of infertility in a man?
low sperm count, blocked sperm duct, deformed sperm
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What are the causes of infertility in a women?
Age, eggs not released, hormonal problems, blocked fallopian tubes
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Why use a contraception injection?
effective, periods reduced
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Why not use a contraception injection?
every 3 months, long time until fertility to return
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Why use a contraception implant?
effective, take out at anytime
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What is Type 1 diabetes?
pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin, born with this
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What is the symptoms of Type 1 diabetes?
thirst, frequent urination
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What is the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes?
monitor blood glucose + inject insulin
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What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Body cell & live don't respond to insulin
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What is the treatment for Type 2 diabetes?
change lifestyle, regular exercise, lower sugar/ fat diet
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How to maintain blood glucose?
Hormone responsible for fight or flight response is adrenaline & produced by adrenal gland
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How to maintain blood glucose?
Ovaries have Oestrogen released into them, helps regulate the female menstrual cycle
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How to maintain blood glucose?
Testosterone is released by testes, controls puberty & sperm production
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How to maintain blood glucose?
Hormone responsible for metabolism is thryxoine gland produced by thyroid
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the Relay Neurone?

Back

From sensory to motor

Card 3

Front

What is a Motor Neurone?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the bundle of neurones called?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does the Nervous System do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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