Biology- Movement in and out of cells

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  • Created by: Kitsune
  • Created on: 02-07-16 12:32
What causes the particles to move?
Their own kinetic energy
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What is diffusion?
Net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration in liquid or gas until equilibrium is reached
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What is the purpose of a partially permeable membrane?
Only some particles can diffuse across it
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Why can't some particles cross a partially permeable membrane?
Wrong chemical composition, wrong charge, too large to pass
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What are the adaptations for diffusion?
Distances are short, concentration gradients are maintained, surfaces are large
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Why is diffusion important?
Many life processes depend on it
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What are examples of diffusion?
Plants absorbing CO2, oxygen entering blood, glucose and amino acids passing from inside the gut into blood
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How does water move in and out of cells?
By osmosis
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What happens when a cell is in a solution of high water potential?
Water enters the cell
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What happens when a cell is in a solution of low water potential?
Water leaves the cell
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What happens to a plant cell when it is in a solution of low water potential?
Water leaves, cytoplasm pulls away from cell wall, cell becomes flaccid
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What happens to a plant cell when it is in a solution of high water potential?
Water enters, cytoplasm pushes against cell wall, cell becomes turgid
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What happens to an animal cell when it is in a solution of low water potential?
Water leaves, cell shrinks, becomes crenated
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What happens to an animal cell when it is in a solution of high water potential?
Water enters, cell swells and bursts, haemolysis happens
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Which cells suffer damage by water? Why?
Animal cells because they don't have a cell wall
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When can't diffusion occur?
When equilibrium has been reached and no concentration gradients exist
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What is active transport?
Movement of particles from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration using energy from respiration
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What are examples of active transport?
Ion uptake by root hairs and glucose uptake by epithelial cells
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What are carriers?
Proteins that carry substances through the cell membrane
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Describes the steps in active transport
1. Particles are recognised by carriers 2. Energy is supplied to drive the protein across membrane 3. Particles released into cell 4. Carries return to get more particles
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration in liquid or gas until equilibrium is reached

Card 3

Front

What is the purpose of a partially permeable membrane?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why can't some particles cross a partially permeable membrane?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the adaptations for diffusion?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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