What can affect your metabolic rate and the proportion on muscle/fat in your body?
Inherited factors
2 of 32
How do people become obese?
They have taken in too much energy than they have used
3 of 32
What can obesity lead to?
Type 2 diabetes (high blood sugar levels), heart disease
4 of 32
What happens to your body if you take in too much energy or too few vitamins?
Your body becomes malnourished
5 of 32
What three things does your body need to release energy?
Carbohydrates, fat and protein
6 of 32
Why do starving people find it difficult to walk about?
They lack in vitamins and minerals- may have a deficiency disease
7 of 32
Bad cholesterol can lead to ............?
Heart disease
8 of 32
What did Semmelweiss discover?
That infection can be transferred from person to person
9 of 32
Why didn't many people believe Semmelweiss?
Because no-one knew about bacteria or viruses
10 of 32
How do pathogens make you feel ill?
Pathogens produce toxins (poisons) which damage cells
11 of 32
What form are the pathogens usually?
Bacteria or viruses
12 of 32
How do viruses spread?
They reproduce inside cells
13 of 32
What increases your blood cholesterol levels?
Foods rich in saturated fat
14 of 32
What prevents pathogens from entering the body?
The skin- they are also trapped by mucus and killed by stomach acid.
15 of 32
What do white blood cells do?
They ingest pathogens (digest + destroy), Produce antibodies (to help destroy particular pathogens) and Produce antitoxins (to counteract toxins from pathogens)
16 of 32
Why are antibiotics only able to kill bacteria?
Because viruses are inside body cells
17 of 32
What did Alexander Fleming discover in 1928?
Penecillin
18 of 32
What do painkillers do?
Relieve the symptoms of a disease but do not kill the pathogen
19 of 32
When using petri dishes, what must you do with the equipment?
Sterilise equipment to ensure that no unwanted micro-organisms infect the culture
20 of 32
How does the temperature of an incubator affect the rate at which bacteria grows?
The higher the temperature of an incubator, the faster the bacteria grows.
21 of 32
What can uncontaminated cultures be used for?
To investigate the effect of antibiotics and disinfectants on the bacteria.
22 of 32
What is MMR used to treat?
Measles, mumps and rubella.
23 of 32
Some pathogens can ............?
Mutate (change). Very few people are immune to these changed pathogens so disease can spread very quickly.
24 of 32
What is it called when disease spreads WITHIN a country?
Epidemic
25 of 32
What is it called when disease spreads ACROSS a country?
Pandemic
26 of 32
What is used to make a vaccine?
Dead or inactive forms of a pathogen.
27 of 32
How does Natural Selection cause resistant populations of bacteria to develop?
Antibiotics kills the non-resistant strains which allows the resistant ones to survive and multiply
28 of 32
How do the white blood cells react to a vaccine?
The white blood cells produce antibodies which makes the person immune (prevents further infection)
29 of 32
Name an advantage of vaccination.
Protects individuals and society from the effects of disease.
30 of 32
Name a disadvantage of vaccination.
Some vaccines can cause side effects
31 of 32
What can happen if you overuse antibiotics?
Can lead to the development of new strains of bacteria.
32 of 32
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What can affect your metabolic rate and the proportion on muscle/fat in your body?
Back
Inherited factors
Card 3
Front
How do people become obese?
Back
Card 4
Front
What can obesity lead to?
Back
Card 5
Front
What happens to your body if you take in too much energy or too few vitamins?
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