Biology Flashcards

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Which part of the cell synthesises protein?
Ribosomes
1 of 154
Which part of the cell does respiration?
Mitochondria
2 of 154
Which gas is used in photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
3 of 154
Which part of the cell is semi-permeable?
Cell membrane
4 of 154
Which cells increase surface area for water absorption?
Root hair cells
5 of 154
Which gas is used in respiration?
Oxygen
6 of 154
What is it called when water moves across a semi-permeable membrane?
Osmosis
7 of 154
Name one cell component that a plant cell has that an animal cell doesn't
Chloroplast / vacuole / cell wall
8 of 154
What does the cell membrane do?
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
9 of 154
What is it called when particles move up a concentration gradient?
Active transport
10 of 154
What part of a plant cell is made of cellulose?
Cell wall
11 of 154
Which tissue transports sugar around the plant?
Phloem
12 of 154
Which tissue transports water from the roots to the rest of the plant?
Xylem
13 of 154
Which cells are either side of the stomata?
Guard cells
14 of 154
Which structure increase the surface area of roots?
Root hairs
15 of 154
What does amylase do?
Breaks down starch
16 of 154
Name a substance carried in the plasma
Hormones / antibodies / water / glucose / amino acids / minerals / CO2 / urea.
17 of 154
Which enzyme breaks down protein?
Protease
18 of 154
Which organ makes protease, lipase and amylase?
Pancreas
19 of 154
Which organ makes bile?
Liver
20 of 154
Which cell makes antibodies?
White blood cells
21 of 154
In which organ would you find alveoli?
Lungs
22 of 154
What is the liquid part of blood called?
Plasma
23 of 154
Which substance in red cells carries oxygen?
Haemoglobin
24 of 154
What is the gap between two neurones called?
Synapse
25 of 154
Which gas diffuses from the air into the bloodstream?
Oxygen
26 of 154
What is the waste product of anaerobic respiration in muscles?
Lactate / lactic acid
27 of 154
What do platelets do?
Clot blood
28 of 154
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
29 of 154
What do the valves in the heart do?
Stop back flow / blood going the wrong way
30 of 154
How many chambers are there inside the heart?
4
31 of 154
Which cells in the leaf do the most photosynthesis?
Palisade mesophyll
32 of 154
What is it called when particles move from a high to a low concentration?
Diffusion
33 of 154
What are the holes in the surface of a leaf called?
Stomata
34 of 154
Which cells are where most photosynthesis happens in a leaf?
Chloroplasts
35 of 154
Where in a cell would you find DNA
Nucleus / chromosomes
36 of 154
What are the two cells either side of a stomata called?
Guard cells
37 of 154
Name a plant disease caused by a fungus
Rose black spot
38 of 154
What is inside red blood cells that bonds with oxygen?
Haemoglobin
39 of 154
Which organ makes hydrochloric acid?
Stomach
40 of 154
Name one factor that would increase the rate of transpiration
Increased temperature (until a point) / increased wind / decreased humidity / increased light (until a point)
41 of 154
What is it called when water evaporates from the stomata of a leaf?
Transpiration
42 of 154
What is the vector for malaria?
Mosquitoes / anopheles mosquitoes
43 of 154
What is the sexually transmitted bacterial disease in humans?
Gonorrhoea
44 of 154
What is it called when dead pathogens are injected into someone?
Vaccination
45 of 154
Give one way medicinal drugs are tested before use on humans.
On cell cultures / on animals
46 of 154
Which proteins kill bacteria within the body?
Antibodies
47 of 154
Which organ contains relay neurones?
Brain / spinal cord
48 of 154
Which organ digests protein only?
Stomach
49 of 154
Which organ absorbs digested food into the blood?
Small intestine
50 of 154
Which organ absorbs excess water from undigested food?
Large intestine
51 of 154
Which organ contains villi?
Small intestine
52 of 154
Which organ has 4 chambers?
Heart
53 of 154
Which organ does photosynthesis?
Leaf
54 of 154
Which organ is where gas exchange occurs?
Lungs
55 of 154
Which organ regulates blood glucose levels?
Pancreas
56 of 154
Which cells carry electrical impulses?
Neurons
57 of 154
What chemicals are chromosomes made from?
DNA
58 of 154
Which cells carry oxygen?
Red blood cells
59 of 154
What is it called when a cell divides to make two genetically identical cells?
Mitosis
60 of 154
Which cells make antibodies?
White blood cells
61 of 154
Which cells help blood clot?
Platelets
62 of 154
Which cells do phagocytosis?
White blood cells
63 of 154
What is the process in which substances move up a concentration gradient?
Active transport
64 of 154
What is the process in which water diffuses across a cell membrane?
Osmosis
65 of 154
What is the process in which a pathogen is engulfed by a white blood cell?
Phagocytosis
66 of 154
What is the process in which large insoluble molecules are broken down to small soluble ones?
Digestion
67 of 154
What is the process in which waste products from the metabolism are disposed of?
Excretion
68 of 154
What is the process in which body conditions are kept constant?
Homeostasis / negative feedback
69 of 154
What is the process where adjusting the lens of the eye change its thickness to focus on close by or distant objects?
Accommodation
70 of 154
What is the disease that involves uncontrollable cell division?
Cancer
71 of 154
What is the viral disease that damages white blood cells (minah an STD)
HIV / AIDs
72 of 154
What is the viral disease causing a red rash and fever in humans?
Measles
73 of 154
What is the viral disease which gives a distinctive leaf pattern in plants?
TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus)
74 of 154
What is bacterial disease that causes food poisoning in humans?
Salmonella
75 of 154
Which organ makes oestrogen?
Ovary
76 of 154
What is the fungal plant disease that causes spots on leaves?
Rose Black Spot
77 of 154
What is the disease caused by the protist plasmodium?
Malaria
78 of 154
What is the symptom of lack of magnesium in plants?
Yellow leaves therefore no chlorophyll
79 of 154
What is the deficiency disease in humans caused by lack of vitamin C?
Scurvy
80 of 154
Which plant does aspirin originate from?
Willow
81 of 154
Which antibiotic did Fleming discover from mould?
Penicillin
82 of 154
What microbes do antibiotics kill?
Bacteria
83 of 154
Which virus causes AIDs?
HIV / Human Immunodeficiency Virus
84 of 154
Which disease is caused by carcinogens?
Cancer
85 of 154
Which hormone causes the release of eggs from an ovary?
LH
86 of 154
Which organ produces urea?
Liver
87 of 154
What substance would be used to test for glucose?
Benedicts solution
88 of 154
Which substance would be used to test for starch?
Iodine solution
89 of 154
Which solution would be used to test for proteins?
Biuret solution
90 of 154
What hormone is found in the contraceptive pill?
Oestrogen & progesterone
91 of 154
Which hormone is used to treat someone with type 1 diabetes?
Insulin
92 of 154
Which enzyme breaks down fats?
Lipase
93 of 154
Which enzyme breaks down starch?
Amylase
94 of 154
Which protein is found in pregnancy tests?
Monoclonal antibodies
95 of 154
Which substance has the formula C6H2O6?
Glucose
96 of 154
In which process is glucose broken down to release energy?
Respiration
97 of 154
In which process is glucose made from CO2?
Photosynthesis
98 of 154
Which substance would you use to detect the presence of glucose?
Benedicts solution
99 of 154
Starch is broken down into glucose by what enzyme?
Amylase
100 of 154
When one molecule of glucose is respired aerobically, how many carbon dioxide molecules are produced?
6
101 of 154
Plants can make amino acids using glucose and which mineral?
Nitrates
102 of 154
Which molecule, made from lots of glucose molecules joined together, is stored in muscles and the liver?
Glycogen
103 of 154
Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
Insulin
104 of 154
Which part of the eye contains rods and cones?
Retina
105 of 154
Which part of the eye can adjust to let more or less light in?
Iris
106 of 154
Which part of the eye relaxes when focuses on distant objects?
Ciliary muscles
107 of 154
Which part of the body monitors & controls temperature?
Brain
108 of 154
Which part of the body makes FSH?
Pituitary gland
109 of 154
Which part of the body makes thyroxine?
Thyroid gland
110 of 154
Which part of the body makes urea?
Liver
111 of 154
Which part of the brain is involved with balance & smooth practised movements?
Cerebellum
112 of 154
Which part of the brain controls homeostasis, heart rate, etc.?
Medulla
113 of 154
Which part of the brain is involved in conscious thought?
Cerebrum
114 of 154
Which part of the cell synthesises proteins?
Ribosomes
115 of 154
Which part of the cell contains genes?
Nucleus
116 of 154
Which part of the cell does photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
117 of 154
Which part of the cell does aerobic respiration?
Mitochondria
118 of 154
Which part of a plant cell keeps it in shape?
Cell wall
119 of 154
Which part of the cell is where most enzyme controlled reactions take place?
Cytoplasm
120 of 154
Which part of the cell contains chlorophyll?
Chloroplasts
121 of 154
Which part of the cell is found inside plant cells and does not do photosynthesis?
Vacuole
122 of 154
Which part of the cell joins amino acids together in the correct order?
Ribosomes
123 of 154
Which bit of the enzyme does the substrate fit into?
Active site
124 of 154
Which enzyme is made in the stomach?
Protease / pepsin
125 of 154
Name an enzyme made in the pancreas.
Protease / amylase / lipase
126 of 154
What happens to an enzyme when it overheats?
It denatures
127 of 154
Apart from high temperatures, what else can change the shape of the active site?
pH change
128 of 154
Which part of the cell makes enzymes?
Ribosomes
129 of 154
In which part of the cell would you find the enzymes that control respiration?
Mitochondria
130 of 154
What type of pathogen is measles?
Virus
131 of 154
What type of pathogen is tobacco mosaic?
Virus
132 of 154
What type of pathogen is HIV?
Virus
133 of 154
What type of pathogen is gonorrhoea?
Bacteria
134 of 154
What type of pathogen is malaria?
Bacteria
135 of 154
What type of pathogen is salmonella?
Bacteria
136 of 154
What type of pathogen is rose black spot?
Fungus
137 of 154
What type of pathogen is influenza?
Virus
138 of 154
What type of pathogen is the common cold?
Virus
139 of 154
What type pathogen is killed by antibiotics?
Bacteria
140 of 154
What are the holes in the leaf surface?
Stomata
141 of 154
Name 3 factors that limit the rate of photosynthesis.
Temperature / CO2 / light intensity
142 of 154
Name 2 plant hormones.
Auxin / IAA / gibberellin
143 of 154
Name a substance that is filtered out and not reabsorbed by the kidney.
Urea
144 of 154
Name two substances that are filtered out and partly reabsorbed by the kidney.
Ions or minerals / glucose / water
145 of 154
Name the hormone that controls how much water is in the urine.
Anti-diuretic hormone / ADH
146 of 154
Which gland produces ADH?
Pituitary gland
147 of 154
Which type of cell division is used in growth?
Mitosis
148 of 154
Which type of reproduction causes genetic variation?
Sexual
149 of 154
Which type of reproduction makes clones?
Asexual
150 of 154
Which type of cell division means no genetic variation occurs?
Mitosis
151 of 154
What is the type of cell division used in asexual reproduction?
Mitosis
152 of 154
What is the type of cell division that makes gametes?
Meiosis
153 of 154
Which type of cell division halves chromosomes?
Meiosis
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Which part of the cell does respiration?

Back

Mitochondria

Card 3

Front

Which gas is used in photosynthesis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Which part of the cell is semi-permeable?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which cells increase surface area for water absorption?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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