biology chapter 1

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state the function associated with each organelle.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome
ribosome
(3)
1.transport / synthesis / metabolism, of, fats / lipids /steroid (hormones) / carbohydrates
2.cointains hydrolysing enzymes that break down/ digest invading pathogens
3. protein synthesis
1 of 15
Name two features of plant cells that are not features of animal cells.
(2)
cellulose / cell, wall ;
chloroplast(s) ;
starch grain(s) / amyloplast(s) ;
large / permanent vacuole,
tonoplast , plasmodesma(ta)
2 of 15
Name one structure present in animal cells that is not present in plant cells
(1)
centriole, cilia , flagella
3 of 15
The cytoskeleton in cells consists of microtubules and microfilaments.
Describe the roles of the cytoskeleton
(3)
1.supports the cell giving it stability and helps in maintaining the shape
2. changing the shape of the cell during phagocytosis, exocytosis/endocytosis
3. helps in the movement of chromosomes
4 of 15
Describe the advantages of staining specimens to be viewed under a microscope
(2)
1makes visible / easier to see more detail
2staining provides / increases, contrast
3identify/recognise, cell types /organelles / parts of cell ;
identify / recognise, different (named), compounds /molecules
5 of 15
Suggest one stage during the secretion of a protein that requires energy
(1)
transport vesicles to, plasma membrane
fusing vesicle to membrane/exocytosis
6 of 15
Outline the role of the Golgi apparatus.
(2)
1 receives proteins from the, (R)ER / ribosomes ;
2 modify /process, proteins or make glycoproteins
3 (re)package / AW, into vesicles ;
4 make lysosomes ;
5 replenishes, plasma / cell surface, membrane ;
6 lipid synthesis
7 of 15
Identify two features, which would not be present in a prokaryotic
cell.
nucleus and Golgi apparatus
8 of 15
Name the mechanism by which oxygen enters the red blood cells. (1)
diffusion
9 of 15
State the process by which root epidermal cells absorb minerals from the soil and describe
how these cells are specialised to achieve absorption.
(3)
1 active, transport / uptake ;
plus any two from:
2 cells have, extensions/hairs;
3 thin cell wall ;
4 large/increased, surface area ;
5 many / more, mitochondria ;
6 (many) carrier proteins in the cell (surface) membrane ;
10 of 15
Explain the difference between magnification and resolution.
(2)
magnification is
the number of times larger the image is compared to the object ;
resolution is
ability to, distinguish/differentiate between, two separate
points
11 of 15
Name the process in which a cell becomes specialised. (1)
differentiation
12 of 15
the function of elastic tissue
recoil back to its original shape
13 of 15
State one adaptation of guard cell and explain how
the adaptation allows the cell to carry out its function.
adaptation
explanation
A1 a vacuole ;
E1 to take up water / to become turgid ;
A2 cell wall thicker on one side ;
E2 causes, cell to bend / open stoma(ta) ;
A3 mitochondria ;
E3 generates ATP (for active transport) ;
14 of 15
Describe what is meant by the term resolution
(2)
ability to see (two) objects (that are close together) as
separate objects
15 of 15

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name two features of plant cells that are not features of animal cells.
(2)

Back

cellulose / cell, wall ;
chloroplast(s) ;
starch grain(s) / amyloplast(s) ;
large / permanent vacuole,
tonoplast , plasmodesma(ta)

Card 3

Front

Name one structure present in animal cells that is not present in plant cells
(1)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

The cytoskeleton in cells consists of microtubules and microfilaments.
Describe the roles of the cytoskeleton
(3)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe the advantages of staining specimens to be viewed under a microscope
(2)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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