Biology - biological molecules

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  • Created by: jaydeep
  • Created on: 24-10-15 10:23
How does a glycosidic bond form
Forms when two glucose molecules bond together via a condensation reaction forming a disaccharide.
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Structure of amylose and how it relates to its function
Amylose is a form of starch and contains a 1-4 glycosidic bond which causes it to become helical. It is used as an energy source and storage and is insoluble which means that it is not water potential hence energy is not wasted.
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Structure of amylopectin
Amylopectin is another form of starch and contains 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bond hence causing it to become branched hence allows not only more glucose molecules to be stored but also allows glucose to easily be hydrolysed hence can be snipped of when
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Similarity and differences of amylose and amylopectin
Sim -both use alpha glucose and both have 1-4 glycosidic bond/ Diff- on is helical whereby the other is branched and amylopectin contains 1-6 glycosidic bond
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What elements are in an amino acid monomer and draw the structure
The elements in the amino acid monomer are nitrogen hydrogen carbon and oxygen
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Structure of cellulose
Cellulose is a linear shape and has a straight chain of beta glucose whereby every other beta glucose molecule is rotated at 180 deg formins a polysaccharide
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Why is the chain of amino acid important and what is the chain of amino acids known as
Since the order and sequences of amino acids relates to the function and specific shape of the protein this is know as the primary structure
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What are three examples of monosaccharides and disaccharides and polysaccharides
Mon- glucose surcrose galactose Dis- maltose fructose lactose Pol- glucose starch and cellulose
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What happens in the secondary structure
The secondary structure is where the chains of polypeptide fold cause hydrogen bonds to form between carboxyl groups and nh group and where there are two type of structure alpha helix and beta pleated
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What happenes in the tertiary structure
The tertiary structure is where the structure further fold and therefore causing interactions between R groups and there's include disulfide ,ionic, hydrogen, hydrophobic and hydrophilic bonds
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What happens in the quatanary structure
Theses structures are made by many tertiary structures that ar bonded together by the same interactions in R-groups.
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What is the structure and function of heamoglobin
Heamoglobin contains four tertiary structure two alpha + two beta polypeptide chains which are all bonded by hydrogen bonds and interaction. Its conjugated protein which contains non protein elements +has prosthetic groups.e.g iron that bind to 02
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What is the structure of collegen and what type of protein is it
Fibrous protein, 3 polypeptide chains that are all bonded by H bonds for extra strength - used in artery wall for mechanical strength hence preventing it from bursting, and used for bond structure and produces tendons, connective tissues4 transport
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What is the structure of insulin
F protein that contains two strands of polypeptide 1) starting with alpha helix 2)the other bets pleated which joking by disulfide Bruges.They have hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions- there4 soluble
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What is the role of insulting
Since insulin is soluble it means that it can travel via the blood stream to glycoproteins receptors of muscle and fat cells to increase uptake of glucose
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What is the use of keratin
Keratin is used for mechanical strength and therefore used for producing horns, nails etc and is also used an impermeable barrier to infections whilst at the same time is waterproof hence prevents water pollutant.
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What is the structure of keratin
Keratin contains cysteine which contains sulfur and therefore disulfide bridges form between polypeptide chains and alongside hydrogen bonding giving keratin mechanical strength.
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What is the structure of elastin
Elastin is a F protein and is made from toroelastin and is used for
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Card 2

Front

Structure of amylose and how it relates to its function

Back

Amylose is a form of starch and contains a 1-4 glycosidic bond which causes it to become helical. It is used as an energy source and storage and is insoluble which means that it is not water potential hence energy is not wasted.

Card 3

Front

Structure of amylopectin

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Similarity and differences of amylose and amylopectin

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What elements are in an amino acid monomer and draw the structure

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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