Biology B2: Enzymes

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What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up
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What are enzymes?
They are biological catalysts
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Why can enzymes generally only speed up one specific reaction?
The substrate has to fit into the enzymes active sight
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What happens when a substrate meets the active site?
The active site changes shape slightly to get a tighter fit
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What affects the rate of an enzymes rate of reaction?
Temperature, it makes the rate of reaction of faster. pH also affects it
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What happens to an enzyme if it gets too hot?
The active sight changes shape and the enzyme becomes denatured
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What happens to an enzyme if the pH is too high/low?
The active sight changes shape and the enzyme becomes denatured
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What do digestive enzymes break down?
Starch, Proteins and Fats
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Why do digestive enzymes have to break down big molecules?
Because they cannot pass through the walls of the digestive system
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What does amylase do?
Breaks starch down into maltose
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What does protease do?
Breaks down proteins into amino acids
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What does Lipase do?
Breaks down lipids into fatty acids
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How does bile assist digestive enzymes?
Bile neutralises the pH in the small intestines because it is too acidic
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are enzymes?

Back

They are biological catalysts

Card 3

Front

Why can enzymes generally only speed up one specific reaction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens when a substrate meets the active site?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What affects the rate of an enzymes rate of reaction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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