Biology B2

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what is translocation?


































what is transpiration?
the loss of water from the leaves of a plant.
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where does it occur?
from the underside of the leaf where there are many stomata
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how do plants control their water intake?
by opening and closing their stomata
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when does this happen?
when water levels change around each guard cell
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transpiration rates vary in response to facts such as...
...temperature and humidity.
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cohesion theory:
water molecules stick together in the xylem vessel. as some molecules leave during transpiration, others get pulled p behind them. this forces water to travel continuously to the leaves
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why is there less vegetation at the top of a mountain?
there is less air pressure. less carbon dioxide for trees to photosynthesize. without photosynthesis, the trees will not grow
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how is photosynthesis carried out
with the presence of enzymes. at the top of a mountain, the temperature is very cold, so the enzymes are not working at their optimum temperature.
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examples of limiting factors
carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, light intensity
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what is osmosis?
the movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially permeable membrane
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what is active transport?
movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. it uses energy
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why are xylem vessels rigid?
because of lignin. lignin allows them to withstand high water pressure and support the plant
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what is transported from xylem vessels?
water and mineral ions
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what is transported from phloem vessels?
glucose and polymers of glucose.
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phloem contains...
sieve tubes and companion cells
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3 fossil fuels
crude oil, natural gas, coal
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finite resource:
being used up faster than it is being made, it's non-renewable
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use of gases:
domestic heating and cooking
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petrol:
fuel for cars
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kerosene:
fuel for aircraft
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diesel oil:
fuel for some cars and trains
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fuel oil:
fuel for large ships and power stations
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bitumen:
surfacing roads and roofs
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viscosity:
how easily a substance can flow
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ignite:
how easy it is to set alight.
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general formula of alkanes:
CnH2n+2
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

from the underside of the leaf where there are many stomata

Back

where does it occur?

Card 3

Front

by opening and closing their stomata

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

when water levels change around each guard cell

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

...temperature and humidity.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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