B1D

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  • Created by: ellxe
  • Created on: 09-04-16 16:18
What is cancer caused by?
Cells dividing out of control. It forms a tumour
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What is the difference between malignant and benign tumours?
Benign - the tumour divides until there is no room left. The cells stay where they are. Isnt normally dangerous. Malignant - the tumour grows and spreads out of control. They are dangerous and often fatal.
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How can you reduce your risk of cancer?
Not smoking (lung cancer), less processed meat/more fibre (colon cancer)
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How are drugs tested before being used?
Computer models, human tissues, animals, humans
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What are blind and double blind trials?
Blind - the doctor knows if it is a placebo or not, but the patient doesn't. Double Blind - neither the doctor or patient knows if it is a placebo. Doing this avoids the placebo effect.
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What is addiction?
You have a physical need for the drug. You get withdrawal symptoms.
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What is tolerance?
The body gets used to having the drug, meaning you need a higher dose to have the same effect.
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Give some examples of depressants and their effects on the body.
Alcohol, solvents, tamazepam. They decrease the activity of the brain, slowing down the nervous system causing slow reactions and poor judgement.
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Give some examples of stimulants and their effects on the body.
nicotine, ecstasy, caffeine. They are the opposite of depressants - they increase the activity of the brain making you feel more alert and awake. (often used to treat depression)
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Give some examples of painkillers and their effects on the body.
Paracetamol, asprin. They reduce the number of painful stimuli at the nerve endings near an injury.
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Give some examples of performance enhancers and their effects on the body
Steroids. They help build muscle allowing atheletes to train harder. They are banned by many sport orginisations
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Give some examples of Hallucinogens and their effects on the body.
LSD. They distort what's seen and heard by altering the pathways that the brain sends messages along.
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State the three classes of drugs and some drugs included in these
Class A - heroin, LSD, ecstasy, cocaine. Class B - cannabis, speed (amphetamines). Class C - steroids and tranquillisers.
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Which class of drug is the most dangerous and carries the longest sentence?
Class A.
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How is alcohol poisonus?
It is broken down by enzymes in the liver and some products are toxic. These toxic products can cause the death of liver cells, forming scar tissue which causes cirrhosis.
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How does smoking cause heart disease?
Carbon Monoxide reduces the oxygen carrying ability of RBC's. If the heart muscle doesn't have enough oxygen it can lead to a heart attack
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How does smoking cause cancers such as Lung, throat, mouth and oesophageal?
Tar from cigarette smoke gathers in the lungs. It is full of toxins such as carcinogens (that cause cancer)
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How does smoking cause a severe loss of lung function and a smokers cough?
Smoking damages the cilia on the epithelial tissue, encouraging mucus to be produced. Excess mucus cant be cleared because the cilia are damaged, so it sticks to the airways causing a cough. The lungs lose their elasticity causing emphysema.
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How does smoking cause low birth weight babies?
Low oxygen in the blood of pregnant women can deprive the foetus of oxygen
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the difference between malignant and benign tumours?

Back

Benign - the tumour divides until there is no room left. The cells stay where they are. Isnt normally dangerous. Malignant - the tumour grows and spreads out of control. They are dangerous and often fatal.

Card 3

Front

How can you reduce your risk of cancer?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How are drugs tested before being used?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are blind and double blind trials?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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