eukaryotic cells make us eukarotes. they are multicellulare, the cells caontain a nucleus, examples of eukaryotes are animal, plant, algal and fungal cells.
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prokaryotes
made up of prokaryotic cells, they are unicellular, dont have a nucleus, much smaller than eukaryotic cells its DNA floats around freely in plasmids
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cell surface
found on the surface of animal cells and inside the cell walls of other cells, made up of proteins and lipids. cell surface membrane controls the movement of substances entering and leaving the cell
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nucleus
large organelle surrounded by a double membrane that has pores, it contains chromosomes and a nucleolus. nucleus controls the transcription of DNA which controls the cells, the pores allow substances such as RNA to pass between the nucleus and cytopl
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mitochondria
have a double membrane, the inner membrane has a folded in structore called cristae, inside the cristae there is the matrix containing enzymes involved in respiration. aerobic respiration takes place and produces ATP (energy supply)
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ribosomes
small organelles floating freely in the cytoplasm, made up of RNA this is where proteins are made.
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rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
surface of RER are covered with ribosomes, the RER folds and processes proteins that have been made at the ribosomes.
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
no ribsomes on it surface and this synthesises and processes lipids.
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cell wall
rigid structure surrounding cells in plants, algae and fungi. mainly made up of carbohydrate cellulose in plants and algae and in fungi it made up of chitin. cell wall supports the cell and prevents them from from chaning their shape.
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chloroplasts
small, flattened structure, found in plant and algal cells, surrounded by a double membrane inside there are sturctures called thylakoid which are stacked up to form structures (grana) this is where photosynthesis occurs.
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golgi apparatus
fluid-filled flattened sacs, they process and package new lipids and proteins, they also make lysosomes.
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plasma membrane
the plasma membrane is an inner layer of protection since a rigid cell wall forms the outside boundary for their cells. The cell wall has pores that allow materials to enter and leave the cell, but they are not very selective about what passes throu
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lysosomes
found in many animal cells and most plant cells. they contain digestive enzymes to help digest food.
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vesicles
a large structure withing a cell consisting of liquids that are closed off by a lipid bilayer. vesicles transport moleclues to the plasma/cell surface membrane
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
made up of prokaryotic cells, they are unicellular, dont have a nucleus, much smaller than eukaryotic cells its DNA floats around freely in plasmids
Back
prokaryotes
Card 3
Front
found on the surface of animal cells and inside the cell walls of other cells, made up of proteins and lipids. cell surface membrane controls the movement of substances entering and leaving the cell
Back
Card 4
Front
large organelle surrounded by a double membrane that has pores, it contains chromosomes and a nucleolus. nucleus controls the transcription of DNA which controls the cells, the pores allow substances such as RNA to pass between the nucleus and cytopl
Back
Card 5
Front
have a double membrane, the inner membrane has a folded in structore called cristae, inside the cristae there is the matrix containing enzymes involved in respiration. aerobic respiration takes place and produces ATP (energy supply)
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