Biology 1.3-1.8

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  • Created by: rachmhw
  • Created on: 31-05-16 10:08
what is energy measured in?
Joules (J) or Kilojoules (kJ)
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what three problem occur from being underweight?
suffering from health problems (poor immune system), lack of energy (often tired) and lack of vitamins and/or minerals
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what diseases are obese more likely to suffer from?
heart disease, stoke, diabetes and some cancers
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name the condition caused by a Vitamin A deficiency
night blindness
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what is a deficiency?
someone who doesn't have enough of a certain vitamin or mineral
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what is the digestive system?
a group of organs that work together to break down food
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what happens during digestion?
large molecules of food are broken down into small molecules of nutrients. they then pass into the blood where they are used by the body
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name the main structure of digestion
mouth, gullet, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
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what does the mouth do?
food is chewed and mixed with the saliva. The teeth help
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what happens in the gullet?
food passes down this tube to the stomach
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what happens in the stomach?
food is mixed with digestive juices and acid
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what does the small intestine do?
juices from the live and pancreas are added to complete digestion. Small molecules of nutrients pass through the intestine wall into the bloodstream
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what does the large intestine do?
only food that cannot be digested gets this far. water passes back into the body, leaving a solid waster of undigested food, called feces
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what is stored int he rectum?
the feces are stored here till they leave the body
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what happens at the anus?
it is a muscular ring that the feces pass out of the body
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why is bacteria important in your digestive system?
because they make important vitamins and they also keep us healthy
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what is the role of enzymes in digestion?
they are a biological catalyst- they speed up digestion. Also they crop up large molecules into small molecules
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what are the three main types of enzymes involved in digestion?
carbohydrase, protease, lipase
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what does carbohydrase break down ?
carbohydrates into sugar molecules
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what does protease break down?
proteins into amino acids
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what does lipase break down?
lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
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what is the digestion of lipid helped by?
bile, a substance made in the liver. it breaks down the lipids into small droplets that are easier for the lipase enzymes to work on.
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what is meant by drug?
a chemical substance that affects the way your body works
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what are to two types of drugs?
medicinal drugs and recreational drugs
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what is meant by a medicinal drug?
they are used in medicine. benefit your health in some way. They are used to treat the symptoms of a condition
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what is meant by a recreational drug?
drugs people take for enjoyment, help relax or to stay awake. no health benefits, can be harmful
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name three illegal drugs
heroin, cocaine and cannabis
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what is an addiction?
when your body gets dependent on the drug. need to take the drug to feel normal. if you are addicted and try to stop you may suffer from withdrawal symptoms.
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what is the drug found in alcoholic drinks?
ethanol
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what is meant by the word alcoholic?
people who have an addiction to alcohol
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state the recommended maximum number of alcohol units per week for adult women and men.
adult women = 14 units per week. adult men = 21 units per week
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what may occur if you drink a lot of alcohol?
stomach ulcers, heart disease and brain and liver damage
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what could happen if a pregnant women drink alcohol?
miscarriage, stillbirth, damage development of organ and nervous system for baby, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) affects the way a baby's brain develops, learning difficulties, facial problems, poor immune, premature birth and low-birth-weight babies.
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what can alcohol reduce in men and women?
fertility
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what are some conditions a smoker is more likely to suffer from?
breathing problems, cancer, heart attacks and strokes
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what is passive smoking?
breathing in smoke from bystanders smoking
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what chemical are found in tobacco?
tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide
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what does tar do to our body?
irritates and narrows airways
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what does nicotine do to our body?
speeds up nervous system, heart beat faster and narrows blood vessels
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what does carbon moxoxide do to our body?
stop blood from carrying as much oxygen as it should.
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what can happen if you smoke?
get heart diseases, emphysema (a lung disease) and respiratory infections
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what three problem occur from being underweight?

Back

suffering from health problems (poor immune system), lack of energy (often tired) and lack of vitamins and/or minerals

Card 3

Front

what diseases are obese more likely to suffer from?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

name the condition caused by a Vitamin A deficiency

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is a deficiency?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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