biology

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food chain
describes a feeding relationship in which the producers are eaten by primary consumers
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producers
photosynthetic organisms that manufacture organic substances using light energy, water, carbon dioxide and mineral ions
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consumers
organisms that obtain their energy by feeding on other organisms rather than using the energy of sunlight directly
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saprobionts
a group of organisms that break down the complex materials in dead organisms into simple ones
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food web
within a single habitat many food chains will be linked together to form a food web
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biomass
the total mass of living material in a specific area at a given time
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stimulus
a detectable change in the internal or external environment of an organism that leads to a response in the organism
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taxis
a simple response whose direction is determined by the direction of the stimulus
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kinesis
a form of response in which the organism does not move towards or away from a stimulus
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tropism
growth of a part of a plant in response to a directional stimulus
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central nervous system (CNS)
made up of the brain and spinal cord
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peripheral nervous system (PNS)
made up of pairs of nerves that originate from either the brain or the spinal cord
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voluntary nervous system
carries nerve impulses to body muscles an is under voluntary control
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autonomic nervous system
carries nerve impulses to glands, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle but is not under voluntary control
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homeostasis
the maintenance of an internal environment within restricted limits in organisms
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ecology
the study of the inter-relationships between organisms and their environment including biotic and abiotic facotrs
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ecosystems
dynamic systems made up of a community and all the non-living factors of its environment
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population
a group of individuals of one species that occupy the same habitat at the same time and are potentially able to interbreed.
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community
all the populations of different species living and interacting in a particular place at the same time
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habitat
the place where the organism normally lives and is characterised by physical conditions and the other types of organisms present
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niche
describes how an organism fits into its environment. a niche refers to where an organism lives and what it does there
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conservation
the management of the Earths natural resources by humans in such a way that maximum use of them can be made in the future
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stabilising selection
preserves the average phenotype around the mean of a population by favouring the average individuals
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directional selection
changes the phenotypes of a population by favouring phenotypes that vary in the direction from the mean of the popuation
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disruptive selection
favours individuals with extreme phenotypes rather than those with phenotypes around the mean of the population
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gene pool
the total number of all the alleles of all the genes of all the individuals within a particular population at a given time
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

photosynthetic organisms that manufacture organic substances using light energy, water, carbon dioxide and mineral ions

Back

producers

Card 3

Front

organisms that obtain their energy by feeding on other organisms rather than using the energy of sunlight directly

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

a group of organisms that break down the complex materials in dead organisms into simple ones

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

within a single habitat many food chains will be linked together to form a food web

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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