biology

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  • Created by: florrie
  • Created on: 23-04-18 20:15
function of arteries
to carry blood away from the heart
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function of capillaries
involved in the exchange of materials at the tissues
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function of veins
to carry the blood to the heart
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structure of arteries for function
walls are strong and elastic so heart can pump blood out at high pressure, thick walls, contain thick layers of muscle to make them strong, elastic fibres to allow them to stretch and spring back
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structure of capillaries for function
tiny, carry blood really close to each cell so can exchange quickly, permeable walls for diffusion, supply food and oxygen and take away co2, one cell thick walls which increases the rate of diffusion by reducing distance
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structure of veins for function
lower blood pressure so not as thick walls, bigger lumen to help blood flow, valves to keep blood flowing in right direction
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what system do humans have
double circulatory system
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what is a double circulatory system
two circuits joined together, right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood is pumped through the body and then returns to heart to go to lungs
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function of red blood cells
to carry oxygen from the lungs to all the cells in the body
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adaptions of red blood cells
biconcave shape which gives large surface area for absorbing oxygen, dont have nucleus = more room for oxygen, haemoglobin binds to oxygen to become oxyhaemoglobin and the reverse happens in body cells for cells to receive oxygen
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function of white blood cells
defend against infection
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adaptions of white blood cells
can engulf bad microorganisms (phagocytosis), produce antibodies to fight microorganisms and antitoxins to neutralise any unwelcome toxins, do have nucelus
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function of platelets
help blood clot
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adaptions of platelets
no nucleus, stop blood pouring out ad stop microorganisms getting in
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function of plasma
carries red+white blood cells + plarelets, nutrients, c02 from organs to lungs, urea from liver to kidney, hormones, proteins, antibodies and antitoxins
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why is the left ventricle thicker than the right
because it pumps blood at high pressure around body via the aorta
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what is the route taken by blood
deoxygenated blood - vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle - aorta - to body (oxygenated blood)
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equation for respiration
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
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what is gas exchange
the moving around of gases
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how are alveoli adapted
give lungs a large surface area, moist one cell thick walls, lot sof tiny capillaries
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diffusion of oxygen and co2 in lungs
oxygen diffuses out of alveolus (high concentration) into blood (low) and co2 diffuse out of blood (high) into alveolus (low)
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what happens when you inhale
volume increases and pressure inside chest deceases
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what happens when you exhale
volume of the chest decreases and pressure increases.
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Card 2

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function of capillaries

Back

involved in the exchange of materials at the tissues

Card 3

Front

function of veins

Back

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Card 4

Front

structure of arteries for function

Back

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Card 5

Front

structure of capillaries for function

Back

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