BIOLOGY 1

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Name all five food groups that contribute to a balanced diet.
Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins and Minerals, Proteins, Fibre
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Name the functions of each one.
Carbohydrates provide energy. Fats to keep warm and release energy. Protein for growth, cell repair and cell replacement.Fibre to keep our digestive system healthy.Vitamins and minerals to keep skin bones and blood healthy.
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What is metabolic rate?
The rate at which chemical reactions happen in the body.
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What one important component of a balanced diet will a builder require most?
Carbohydrated to provide energy due to him having such a physical demanding job.
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What is malnourishment?
People whose diet is badly out of balance whether thats not getting enough of something or having too much.
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What health issues are connected to being obese or overfat?
Arthritis,Type 2 Diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease.There is also a risk of gettig cancer.
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What else can affect your health?
Exercise and Inherited Factors
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What is a pathogen?
A micro-organism that causes disease.
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State 3 different types of pathogens
Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi
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How do pathogens make you ill?
They damage your cells and produce toxins(poisons)
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How do your white blood cells fight pathogens off?
They consume and engulf them.They then produce antibodies and then produce antitoxins.
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What is an epidemic?
A large outbreak of disease
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How many chromosomes do humans have?
46, 23 pairs.
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In which part of the cell is energy released during respiration?
Mitochondria
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Why do muscle cells need a lot of mitochondria?
Mitochondria release energy and muscles need energy for movement
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How can we prevent diseases from spreading before they occur?
Vaccinations
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What does the MMR vaccine protect against?
Measles Mumps and Rubella
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State wwhat happens after a vaccination is injected into the body?
A dead or weaken pathogen is injected into the body.These carry antigens which cause your body to produce antibodies to attack them.When the microorganism of the same type enters the body the white blood cell can mass produce antibodies to kill it.
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State 2 cons of vaccinations
They dont always give you immunity. Sometimes you can have a bad reaction to them.
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State 2 pros of vaccinations
They control lots of infectious diseases. They prevent epidemics.
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What type of pathogen do antibiotics kill?
They kill bacteria.
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Why dont antibiotics kill viruses?
Viruses reproduce using your own body cells which makes it very difficult to develop drugs that develop drugs that destroy just the virus without killing the bodys cells.
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What can bacteria become to antibiotics?
Resistant
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What did Semmelweis discover that helped basic hygiene improve?
That antisepics kill bacteria on the hands therefore people began washing their hands.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name the functions of each one.

Back

Carbohydrates provide energy. Fats to keep warm and release energy. Protein for growth, cell repair and cell replacement.Fibre to keep our digestive system healthy.Vitamins and minerals to keep skin bones and blood healthy.

Card 3

Front

What is metabolic rate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What one important component of a balanced diet will a builder require most?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is malnourishment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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