Biological therapies of schizo

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  • Created by: Gemma
  • Created on: 04-05-14 10:09
Main 3 therapies studied?
Antipsychotics: conventional + atypical + ECT
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What are conventional AS
aim to reduce positive symptoms by reducing effect of dopamine, drug binds to dopamine receptors but dont stimulate (block) their action. Therefore dopamine can't affect neurons. These drugs can eliminate hallucinations
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What are atypical AS
Work by only temporarily occupying D2 receptors + then rapidly dissociating to allow normal dopamine transmission. Though to be responsible for lower levels of side effect found with atypical compared to convensional , which mean they will continue
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Kapur + Remington
Atypical AS only work on dopamine system + so have a direct effect which means no other harmful side effects should be present
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ECT
used rarely + as a last result + severe cases. Uses electrodes to pass electricity through brain , the aim is to create small seizures which hopes to shock malfunctioning side of brain + fix it.
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ECT - where are the electrodes placed
Electrode place above temple (non-dominant side of brain) + 2nd in the middle of the forehead. Injected with anaesthetic - paralyses muscles so prevent contraction during treatment. Oxygen is given before + after to compensate for inability to breath
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How often is ECT carried out
consists of treatments over several weeks , usually 3-15
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:( Of ECT (Read)
memory loss, don't really know what it does to the brain
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Davis et al - conventional
analysed 29 studied, 3519 pps, pps remained on drugs = 19% relapse, placebo = 55%
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Ross + Read - conventional
Not a fair study because the pps are in an withdrawal + excited state due to the sudden increase in dopamine levels. Also findings are misleading: 55% relapsed on placebo, but 45% benefitted
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Jeste et al - appropriateness of atypical
TD (tardive dyskinesia) less likely with atypical . Conventional = 33% , atypical = 5%
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Hill - appropriateness of conventional
30% drugs developed tardive dyskinesia , 75% of these cases = irreversible
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Appropriatness of ECT
Read - memory loss
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Tharyan + Adams
Placebo vs stimulated ECT - found more improvements in real , however antipsychotics improve more people
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Card 2

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What are conventional AS

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aim to reduce positive symptoms by reducing effect of dopamine, drug binds to dopamine receptors but dont stimulate (block) their action. Therefore dopamine can't affect neurons. These drugs can eliminate hallucinations

Card 3

Front

What are atypical AS

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Kapur + Remington

Back

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Card 5

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ECT

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