1) No other way to study genetic differences clearly due to MZ twins having 100% of DNA in common
15 of 30
Give two weaknesses of twin studies
1) epigenetic modification can occur and has to be taken into account - they can develop differently due to environmental influences 2) MZ twins may be treated more similarily than DZ twins so environment may not be as controlled as thought
16 of 30
Why are adoption studies carried out?
Because they have genes in common with their family but are raised in a different environment so can be compared
17 of 30
What does it mean if adopted children share a characteristic with their biological parent?
It is down to genes (nature) rather than environment (nurture)
18 of 30
Give two strenghts of adoption studies
1) environment is controlled as they don't share with biological family - clear 2) studies can be longitudinal so trends can be studied
19 of 30
Give a weakness of adoption studies
1) sometimes the adoptive family is matched to biological family so that might cause some similarity in environment
20 of 30
What does a PET scan stand for?
Positron emission tomography
21 of 30
How does a PET scan work?
When the glucose is taken up the tracer decays and emits positrons which collide with each other and produce gamma rays which are detected by scanner to produce image
22 of 30
What is a PET scan best for examining?
Processes in the brain such as language
23 of 30
Give two strengths of a PET scan
1) valid: findings match other findings and measure what they claim to measure 2) reliable and replicable
24 of 30
Give two weaknesses of a PET scan
1) injecting with a radiactive material and injections can be distressing - non ethical? 2) Broad on their imaging - hard to pinpoint the specific area of the brain
25 of 30
What does an MRI scan stand for?
Magnetic reasonance imaging
26 of 30
How does an MRI scan work?
Electromagnetic waves pass through the body - nuclei in H molecules emit wave frequency which scanner picks up
27 of 30
What is an MRI scan best for examining?
Brain structure - whether there is any damage or tumours
28 of 30
Give two strengths of an MRI scan
1_ Valid: scans are real structures 2) Allow researchers to compare structures of brains and identify tumours/whether somebody has had a stroke
29 of 30
Give two weaknesses of an MRI scan
1) limited: only certain info can be found. 2) strong magnets: not suitable for people with pacemaker, braces, replacement joints
30 of 30
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are used as research methods?
Back
twin studies and adoption studies
Card 3
Front
Why are twin and adoption studies used?
Back
Card 4
Front
What debate can twin and adoption studies give support for?
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