biological systems- Circulatory system

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What are the three main components of the C/S?
1). Blood 2). Blood vessels 3). Heart
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Give 3 functions of the C/S:
1). Transportation system 2). Plays a role in thermoregulation 3). Carries O2 + nutrients to organs, tissues and muscle
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What is a double circulatory system?
A double circulatory system is composed of a pulmonary circulation and systematic circulation. Blood passes through the heart twice in one complete circuit around the body.
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What is a single circulatory system?
A singe circulatory system is composed of only a systematic circulation. Blood passes through the heart only once of a complete circuit.
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What is blood composed of?
Blood is composed of 55% plasma and 45% cells
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What is plasma made up of?
Plasma contains: Hormones, ions, Plasma proteins and water
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What is cellular blood made up of?
Cells: Erythrocytes, Leukocytes and Thrombocytes
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Where are blood cells synthesised?
Blood cells are synthesised in the bone marrow of long bones
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What is Erythropoiesis?
It is the synthesis of erythrocytes (RBC) Involves the kidneys.
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What are the 5 different types of blood vessels?
1). Arteries 2).Veins 3). Capillaries 4). Arterioles 5). Venules
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What is the difference between Arteries, veins and capillaries?
Arteries contain more smooth muscle as the blood is pumped at a higher pressure. Veins have a larger lumen and contain valves to prevent the back flow of blood. Capillaries are composed of simple squamous epithelium (1 cell thick) to allow diffusion
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What are the 4 types of tissue?
1). Muscle 2). Nervous 3). Epithelial 4).Connective
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Give a disadvantage to the single circulatory system
single c/s= low blood pressure, lower blood flow
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Give an advantage to the double circulatory system
double c/s= greater blood pressure, high metabolic rates, greater blood flow
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Where does the deoxygenated blood enter the heart?
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the vena cava (cranial and caudal) and enters the right atrium
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Where does the deoxygenated blood go after it has entered the atrium?
It goes through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle, then through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary artery
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Where does the oxygenated blood enter the heart?
Oxygenated blood enters the heart through the pulmonary vein and enters the left atrium
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Where does the oxygenated blood go after it has entered the atrium?
It goes through the bicuspid valve and into the left ventricle, then goes through the aortic valve and into the aorta.
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What is the SAN?
It is the Sinoatrial node. It acts as the pacemaker of the heart and generates electrical impulses to control the contraction of the heart. It spreads to the AVN.
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What is the AVN?
It is the Atrioventricular node. It acts as a gateway and a buffer, it slows the electrical impulse and prevents it spreading to the bundle of his before the aria have contracted.
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What does the AVN do?
The AVN sends the electrical impulse onto the bundle of his where it is then conducted down the left and right bundle branches and along the Pukinje fibres causing the ventricles to contract.
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Give 2 characteristics of a birds circulatory system
1).Closed C/S and Double C/S 2). have a 4 chambered heart
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Give 2 characteristics of an amphibians circulatory system
1).Closed C/S and Double C/S 2). have a 3 chambered heart
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Give 2 characteristics of a reptiles circulatory system
1). Closed C/S and Double C/S 2). have a 3 chambered heart
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Give 2 characteristics of a fish' circulatory system
1). Closed C/S and Single C/S 2). have a 2 chambered heart
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Give 2 characteristics of a crocodilians' circulatory system
1). Closed C/S and Double C/S 2). have a 4 chambered heart
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Give 2 characteristics of a invertebrates circulatory system
1). Open C/S 2). circulatory fluid=haemolymph
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Give 3 functions of the C/S:

Back

1). Transportation system 2). Plays a role in thermoregulation 3). Carries O2 + nutrients to organs, tissues and muscle

Card 3

Front

What is a double circulatory system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a single circulatory system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is blood composed of?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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