Which atom in water has a slightly negative charge?
Oxygen
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What is the greek letter called for 'slightly'?
Delta
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What bond bonds together water molecules?
Hydrogen bond
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How strong is a hydrogen bond?
Relatively weak
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Why, if hydrogen bonds are weak, is there a large force in water?
There are many hydrogen bonds, making up a significant force.
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What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy needed to heat 1kg of a substance by 1 degrees Celsius
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What is the equation for specific heat capacity?
E=mc^T
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Why can most organisms, particularly aqueous ones, survive sudden temperature changes?
They are made mostly of water, or live in an aquatic environment. The high specific heat capacity of water means it can hold its temperature, so a sudden change in temperature of the surroundings doesn't change the temperature of the water dramatical
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What is Latent Heat of Vaporisation?
The energy required to evapourate 1g of water
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Why is a high latent heat of vaporisation of water good in the human body?
Sweat - the sweat is on the surface of the skin and when it evaporates it takes with it the high amount of energy
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What is cohesion?
The tendency of molecules of the same substance to stick together
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How does surface tension in water occur?
Large cohesive forces (from hydrogen bonds) force water to be pulled back into the body of water where water meets air
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In what type of reaction is water used?
Hydrolysis
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In what type of reaction are water molecules formed?
Condensation
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What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water ---- glucose + oxygen
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What is the role of hydrogen ions?
Affects pH levels
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What is the role of Iron ions?
Component of haemoglobin in red blood cells
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What is the role of phosphate ions?
Component of DNA, ATP and phospholipids
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What is the role of sodium ions?
Involved in absorption of glucose and amino acids in small intestine.
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Which atom in water has a slightly negative charge?
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