Biological molecules - Polymers 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyBiological moleculesASAQA Created by: KTPLCreated on: 21-11-16 15:28 What is a monomer? Single repeating sub-units 1 of 34 In what reaction do monomers join? Condensation 2 of 34 When monomers join, what do they form? Polymers 3 of 34 How are polymers broken down? Hydrolysis 4 of 34 What are the elements in carbohydrates? Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen (CHO) 5 of 34 What is a monosaccharide? A single sugar 6 of 34 What is an example of a monosaccharide? Glucose or fructose of galactose 7 of 34 What are the two types of glucose? Alpha glucose / Beta glucose 8 of 34 Which type of glucose has the hydroxyl group pointing upwards on carbon-1? Beta glucose 9 of 34 What is a disaccharide? Two monosaccharides linked together 10 of 34 What type of bond is formed in a disaccharide? (alpha 1,4) Glycosidic bond 11 of 34 What monosaccharides form Maltose? Glucose + Glucose 12 of 34 What is the formula for all disaccharides? C12H22O11 13 of 34 What monosaccharides form Lactose? Glucose + Galactose 14 of 34 What monosaccharides form Sucrose? Glucose + Fructose 15 of 34 What is the formula for all hexane monosaccharides? C6H12O6 16 of 34 What is a polysaccharide? A long polymer chain of monosaccharides - 'many sugars' 17 of 34 What are the 3 important monosaccharides? Starch (alpha glucose) / Cellulose (Beta glucose) / Glycogen (alpha glucose) 18 of 34 Which two monosaccharides are used for energy storage? Starch and Glycogen 19 of 34 What is the use of cellulose? Plant cells walls 20 of 34 What two polymers make up Starch? Amylose (helical structure) and Amylopectin (branched structure) 21 of 34 Why is starch a good energy store? Amylose is compact + helical - store lots of glucose / Amylopectin is very branched, so easily hydrolyse the glucose 22 of 34 What is the structure of glycogen? Branched (more so than amylopectin) 23 of 34 Where is glycogen found in the body? Liver cells and muscle tissue 24 of 34 Why are glycogen and starch good energy stores? Compact; large and insoluble; no osmotic effects; inert; quickly hydrolysed 25 of 34 What happens to one of the Beta glucose molecules when forming cellulose? The molecule on the left flips upside down 26 of 34 What bond in formed in the condensation reaction of cellulose? (beta 1,4) glycosidic bond 27 of 34 Why is cellulose suited to plant cell walls? Straight, unbranched chains; chains run parallel connected by hydrogen bonds 28 of 34 Cellulose molecules are grouped to form what? Microfibrils 29 of 34 What is the order from a cellulose chain to a fibril? Cellulose chain > Micelle > Microfibril > Fibril (macrofibril) 30 of 34 Are polysaccharides soluble or insoluble in water? Insoluble 31 of 34 What is the test fro starch? Iodine, yellow to blue-black 32 of 34 What is the test for reducing sugars? Benedict's solution 33 of 34 What is the test fro non reducing sugars? Hydrolyse with dilute acid, neutralise with alkaline, Benedict's solution 34 of 34
Comments
No comments have yet been made