Biological molecules 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyBiological molecules, organic chemistry and biochemistryA2/A-levelAQA Created by: C1ndyCreated on: 27-09-15 14:34 What are polymers? Large, complex molecules composed of long chains of monomers joined together. 1 of 14 What are monomers? Small, basic molecular units that can form a polymer. 2 of 14 What are examples of monomers? (name 3) Monosaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides 3 of 14 How are biological polymers formed? Formed from their monomers by a condensation reaction as this forms a chemical bond between monomers. A molecule of water is also released. 4 of 14 How are polymers broken down? Can be broken down into monomers using a water molecule. This is a hydrolysis reaction as it breaks the chemical bond between the monomers. 5 of 14 What are monosaccharides? The simplest sugars and are the building blocks of carbohydrates. 6 of 14 What are the three common examples of monosaccharides? Glucose, fructose, galactose 7 of 14 What are the two types of isomers of glucose? Alpha (α) glucose and beta (β) glucose 8 of 14 How is a disaccharide formed? Formed when two monosaccharides join together by a condensation reaction releasing a molecule of water. 9 of 14 What is the name of the bond formed between monosaccharides? Glycosidic bond 10 of 14 What is sucrose composed of? 50% glucose and 50% fructose 11 of 14 What is lactose composed of? Glucose molecule and a galactose molecule. 12 of 14 What test would you carry out to identify sugars? Benedict's test 13 of 14 What are non-reducing sugars? Non-reducing sugars are sugars which do not have an aldehyde functional group. 14 of 14
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