reaction that occurs when two molecules are joined together with the removal of water
condensation reaction
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a weak interaction that can occur wherever molecules contain a slightly negative charged atom bonded to a slightly positively charged hydrogen atom
hydrogen bond
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reaction that occurs when a molecule is split into two smaller molecules with the addition of water
hydrolysis reaction
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a small molecule which binds to many other identical molecules to form a polymer
monomer
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a large molecule made from many smaller molecules called monomers
polymer
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a group of molecules containing C,H and O
carbohydrate
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a bond formed between two monosaccharides by a hydrolysis reaction
glycosidic bond
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a group of substances that are soluble in alcohol rather than water. they include triglycerides, phospholipids, glycolipids and cholesterol
lipids
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a very large organic molecule
macromolecule
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molecule consisting of glycerol, two fatty acids and one phosphate group
phospholipid
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a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group
amino acids
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a bond formed when two amino acids are joined by a condensation reaction
peptide bond
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the sequence of amino acids found in a molecule
primary structure
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protein structure where a protein consists of more than one polypeptide chain. for example insulin has this structure
quaternary structure
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the coiling or folding of an amino acid chain, which arises often as a result of hydrogen bond formation between different parts of the chain. The main forms of this structure are the helix and the pleated sheet
secondary structure
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the overall three dimensional shape of a protein molecule. its shape arises due to interactions including hydrogen bonding, disulphide bridges, ionic bonds and hydrophobic interactions
tertiary structure
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has a relatively long, thin structure, is insoluble in water and metabolically inactive, often having a structural role within an organism
fibrous proteins
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has molecules of a relatively spherical shape which are soluble in water and often have metabolic roles within the organism
globular proteins
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a non-protein component that forms a permanent part of a functioning protein molecule
prosthetic group
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
a weak interaction that can occur wherever molecules contain a slightly negative charged atom bonded to a slightly positively charged hydrogen atom
Back
hydrogen bond
Card 3
Front
reaction that occurs when a molecule is split into two smaller molecules with the addition of water
Back
Card 4
Front
a small molecule which binds to many other identical molecules to form a polymer
Back
Card 5
Front
a large molecule made from many smaller molecules called monomers
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