Biological Membranes: Membranes and Cell Signalling Revision.

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  • Created by: ElishaG
  • Created on: 21-02-17 13:44
What does the fluid mosaic model state?
Membrane are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with various protein molecules floating around within it.
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What does the 'fluid' part represent?
How some parts are not in a fixed position and can move around freely.
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What does the 'mosaic' part represent?
Patchwork of proteins found in phospholipid bilayer looks like a mosaic when viewed from above.
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What are the two parts of a phospholipid?
1)Hydrophilic head.2) Hydrophobic tail.
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In a phospholipid, what do the hydrophilic heads face towards?
1)Cytosol. 2)Extracellular fluid.
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What are the 9 labels for the fluid mosaic model?
1)Phospholipid bilayer. 2)Hydrophobic tail.3)Hydrophilic head.4)Channel proteins.5)Carrier proteins.6)Carbohydrate chain.7)Glycoprotein. 8)Glycolipids.9)Cholesterol molecules.
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LEARN FLUID MOSAIC MODEL DRAWING
...
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What is the function of the phospholipid bilayer?
1)Forms non-polar barrier.2)Not bound,which allows fluidity, important for endocytosis and exosytosis.
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What is the function of cholesterol?
Provide stability, positioned between phospholipid tails.
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What is the function of channel proteins?
Continuous channel across membrane, allows charged molecules through, e.g. K+ ions.
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What is the function of the carrier proteins?
Irregular shape that allows larger polar molecules in, e.g. glucose and amino acids.
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What is the function of glycoproteins and glycolipids?
1)Acts as receptor sites for molecules like hormones and drugs.2)Involved in cell signalling.
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What are roles of the cell surface membrane (plasma membrane)?
1)Barrier to separate cell contents from environment.2)Control entry and exit of substances.3)Involved in cell signalling.4)Acts as receptor.5)Cell recognition.
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What are roles of membranes within cells(surrounding organelles)?
1)Protect lysosomes from hydrolytic enzymes.2)Nuclear membrane-protect from damage.3)Prevents chemical reactions interfering(Compartmentalisation).4)RER membrane-holds ribosomes in place.
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What is cell signalling?
Communication between cells.
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Summarise cell signalling.
1)Signal molecule release from cell by exocytosis.2)Binds to receptor on plasma membrane of target cell.3)Receptor and signal molecule are complementary.4)Bonding of signal molecule and receptor triggers response in cell.
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Describe steps 1-3 of protein synthesis.
1)DNA splits to create mRNA, mRNA leaves nucleus via nuclear pore.2)Ribosomes attach to mRNA,creates proteins on RER (primary structure).3)Transport vesicles transport proteins from RER to golgi body.
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Describe steps 4-6 of protein synthesis.
4)Golgi body modifies (secondary and tertiary structure) and packages proteins.5)Secretary vesicles transport proteins from golgi body to plasma membrane.6)Vesicle fuses to membrane (exocytosis) and proteins are secreted.
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What is step 1 of protein synthesis called?
Transcription.
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What are steps 2-6 of protein synthesis called?
Translation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does the 'fluid' part represent?

Back

How some parts are not in a fixed position and can move around freely.

Card 3

Front

What does the 'mosaic' part represent?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the two parts of a phospholipid?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

In a phospholipid, what do the hydrophilic heads face towards?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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