biological explanations of personality

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  • Created by: mc8g19
  • Created on: 25-02-20 22:49
who was phineas gage
imapled with a tampling iron in the brain, 3 feet and weighed 13 pounds. large amount of skull missing. survived but the personality changed, started to be more aggressive and less caring.
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what are lobotomies
used to cure aggressive impulses. probes sharp ends inserted into brain. personality changes = issues with rational planning, societal appropriate behaviours.
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what is the role of the prefrontal cortext in lobotomies
PFC associates many processes from brain regions. damage does not disrupt memory or emotion but does disrupt ability to synthesise systems. lack of emotion to be produced.
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what does the cerrebellum do
co-ordinates all limb and muscle movement
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what does occidental lobe do
process info from our eyes
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what is the cerebrum
contains memories and language, controls emotions and voluntary movement. covered in cerebral cortex.
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what is thalamus
relays incoming messages
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what is hyperthalamus
relegate sexual urges, aggression, maternal behaviour, biological clocks
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what is EEG methods of monitoring the brain
electroencephalography, 1929. measures electrical activity of the brain. electrodes attached to scalp, diagnoses seizure disorders, tumours and head injuries.
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what is ERP methods of monitoring the brain
event-related potential, brain waves recorded when presented with a specific stimulus.
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what is MEG methods of monitoring the brain
magnetoencephalography measures magnetic field created by electrical activity of the brain
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what is a CAT methods of monitoring the brain
computed axial tomography, visualises the brain. detail much greater, but has some radiation so can be damaged.
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what is a PET methods of monitoring the brain
positron emission tomography, three way dimensional map with brain activity represented by colours. uses small amount of radiation.
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what is MRI scans methods of monitoring the brain
magnetic resonance imaging. passing strong magnetic fields through the brain. can detect radiation. produces cross-sectional imagery. fMRI = functional. this localises the brain activity in oxygen saturation.
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what are the brain hemispheres and their functions
left damage = details of image lost but clear shape. right damage = details remains but no shape.
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what is a comisurotomy
severing corpus Colosseum = links the two hemispheres, sometimes severed to treat epilepsy, after this people have split brains and cannot communicate as well with eachother. cannot name images presented to LVF because this is RH.
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what is the eyesenk theory of personality
Ascending Reticular Activating System = the function that regulates amount of stimulation that goes into the brain. there is a balance between expiatory and inhibitory states.
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what is the basis of personality of ARAS
ARAS = let in a lot of stimulation, they are introverted so avoid extra stimulation. ARAS that cuts brain off of stimulation = extrovert need to get more. lot of emotional arousal = neurotics
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what is grays BAS theory
behavioural approach system = motivation system. causes to be sensitive to potential rewards, but motivated to seek rewards. if person has high BAS reactivity, individual is implusive.
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what is grays BIS theory
behavioural inhibition theory = avoidance motivation system. causes one to avoid potential punishment. high BIS reactivity = high trait anxiety
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what is colligers model
proposed a psychological theory which relates to temperamental and character traits
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what are the tempramental domains
novelty seeking = impulsive behaviour, harm avoidance = reflects tendency to be cautious, reward dependence = tendency to seek social approval, presistence = tendency to preservere in behaviour
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what are character traits
self directness = independence thoughts, ability to adapt. cooperativeness = connected to empathy, self-transcendence = connected to faith and spirituality
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what are lobotomies

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used to cure aggressive impulses. probes sharp ends inserted into brain. personality changes = issues with rational planning, societal appropriate behaviours.

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what is the role of the prefrontal cortext in lobotomies

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Card 4

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what does the cerrebellum do

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what does occidental lobe do

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