Non-polar compounds, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
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Saturated
Only c-c bonds, solid due to their straight chain
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Unsaturated
Contains at least one c=c bond, liquids at room temperature due to the kink in the chain
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Monounsaturated
One c=c bond
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Polyunsaturated
More than one c=c bond
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Triglyceride
One glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules, held together by ester bonds.
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Roles of triglycerides
Energy reserves, insulation, protection of organs and production of metabolic water
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Phospholipid
One glycerol molecule, two fatty acid molecules, a phosphate group and a choline group
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Roles of phospholipids
Use in biological membranes and electrical insulation
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Waxes
Lipids that melt above 45 degrees Celsius
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Roles of waxes
Waterproofing
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Atherosclerosis
Fatty deposits in the coronary arteries leading to heart disease
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Low-density lipoproteins
Caused by diets high in saturated fat
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Atheroma
Fatty material which when built up causes atherosclerosis
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High-density lipoproteins
Caused by diets high in unsaturated fat. They carry harmful LDPs away to the liver for disposal
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The emulsion test
Test for fats and oils. A sample is mixed with absolute ethanol (which dissolves lipids present) and shaken with water. A positive test means the solution goes from clear to cloudy
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Only c-c bonds, solid due to their straight chain
Back
Saturated
Card 3
Front
Contains at least one c=c bond, liquids at room temperature due to the kink in the chain
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