BIOL211 - L18

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  • Created by: Katherine
  • Created on: 13-04-17 22:10
What is TGF?
Transorming growth factor
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What is the function of TFG beta?
Stimulation of cell division, inhibition of cell division, alter synthesis of grwoth factors, cell adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix, induction and cell specification in development (e.g. axis formation)
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What is the structure of TGF proteins?
Initially synthesis as an inactive preecursor (at the N terminal there is a leader) We then have prodomain in the middle and then the mature domain at the C terminal
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What is the structure of mature TGF?
Cystine knot - held together by intra chain disulphide bonds. It stabilises the structure
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How do TGF receptors achieve their effect?
They bind to receptors on the surface
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How are TGF receptors identified?
By adding radioactive TGF to cells
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What is the TGF signalling pathway?
TGF will directly join to a dimer of the receptor - once that happens, the type 1 receptor joins the complex to make a tetramer (2 type 2 and 1). The kinase domane phosphorylates the kinase domain of type 1. This activates the type 1.
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What are the targets of the type 1 receptor?
Molecules called R-smad.
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What is R-smad?
It is a transcription factor.
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What happens after activation of type 1 receptor?
After activation of type 1 receptor, R SMAD is phosphorylated, it joins with co-smad to form an r smad co smad dimer. This enters the nucleu where is inds with a DNA partner binding protein. They bind to the DNA activating transcription of the gene.
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Which receptor does the TGF B dimer bind to first in certain cell types?
type 2
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What happens after the TGF B dimer binds to a dimer of type 2 receptors?
A dimer of type 1 receptor joins the complex
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What is phosphorylated by the type 2 receptor?
The type 1 receptor
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What is phosphorylated by the type 1 receptor?
R Smad
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What binds to the co-smad
R smad
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What pair of proteins enter the nucleus
The R smad and Co smad complex
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What do smads bind to in the nucleus
DNA binding protein
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What happens when the complex binds to DNA?
the 3 proteins bind to the DNA activating the target protein, leading to transcription.
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What are the roles of TGF family members in development?
Involved in axis specification in vertebrates and invertebrates
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What are the different axis?
Anterior posterior, dorsal or ventral
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Card 2

Front

What is the function of TFG beta?

Back

Stimulation of cell division, inhibition of cell division, alter synthesis of grwoth factors, cell adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix, induction and cell specification in development (e.g. axis formation)

Card 3

Front

What is the structure of TGF proteins?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the structure of mature TGF?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How do TGF receptors achieve their effect?

Back

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