BIOL211 L10

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  • Created by: Katherine
  • Created on: 15-04-17 18:26
How many transmembrane a helical regions do G protein coupled receptors have?
7
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How many Cyclic domains fo GPCRs have?
4
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What is the structure of a GPCR?
A barrel like structure with a central ligand binding site. There are 7 transmembrane spanning regions andcytoplasmic loops `
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What are the biological functions of mediated 7TM receptors?
Hormone action, hormone secretion, neurotransmission, chemotaxis, exocytosis, blood pressure control, embryogenesis, cell growth and differentiation, development, smell, taste, vision and viral infection.
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Give examples of GPCRs?
B Adrenergic receptor iEpinephrine) = receptors for glucagon, serotonin and vasopressin. Alpha Adrenergic receptor,
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What is B Adrenergic recepto a receptor forr?
Epinephrine
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What is epinephrine?
Fight or flight hormone. It is a catecholamine. It is made in the adrenal glands
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How does epinephrine give a metabolic boost?
It signals for glycogen breakdown and the release of fatty acids
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When the B adrenergic receptor is in use, what is the process?
Epinephrine binds into the barrel receptor,
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What is the pathway of epinephrine response?
Epinephrine binds to the receptor. It interacts with the residues inside and causes a conformational change in the receptor; this change causes it to interact and ativate g proteins.
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What are the subunits in G proteins?
Alpha, Beta and gamma
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What does the alpha subunit contain?
Binding site for Guanyl nucleotides (can bind GDP or GTP). This is important regarding which is
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What are Gs protein?
Heterotrimeric G protein, associated with the B adrenergic receptor and activation of adenylate cyclase
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What is the G protein cycle?
Activation replaces the GDP with GTP, it isn't phosphorylated (it's just a substitution),
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What is the target of Gs protein?
Adenylate cyclase
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What is the structure of Adenylate cyclasE?
12 membrane spanning a helices, 2 large cytosolic domains (catalytic domains).
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What does cAMP do?
It activates protein kinase A
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How is cAMP activated?
You move the pseudosubstrate to activate it
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How does Amplification work?
We go from weak signals to more intense
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Which is the G protein class assocaited with the olfactory unit?
Gaolf
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What is the associated effector with ofactory?
Adenylate cyclase
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What is the second messenger associated with olfactory?
cAMP (increased)
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What is the G protein class associated with visual?
Gat
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What is the assocaited effector with visual?
cGMP phosphodiesterase
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What is the second messenger assocaited with Visual?
cGMP (decreased)
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How is cAMP regulated?
Epinephrine binds with the B adrenergic receptor. Activation of G protein complex. cAMP regulated. Vice versa with inhiitory hormone
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What do phospholipase C do?
Hydrolyse a particular membrane phospholipid (PIP2). In hydrolysing it leaves DAG as IP3 diffuses into the cytosol
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What is the role of IP3?
It diffuses to the IP2 gated Ca2+ channel into the endoplasmic reticulum, that causes calcium release into the cytosol.
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How is Protein Kinase C activated by DAG?
When there is DAG in the membrane, it targets Kinase C by the DAG binding sites binding to DAG . In addition calcium binds to caclium binding site = conformational change which removes pseudosubstrate from active site allowing activation of kinase
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Why can't protein kinase C be active without DAG?
Because there is a pseudosubstrate blocking the active site of the kinase.
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Card 2

Front

How many Cyclic domains fo GPCRs have?

Back

4

Card 3

Front

What is the structure of a GPCR?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the biological functions of mediated 7TM receptors?

Back

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Card 5

Front

Give examples of GPCRs?

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