The formation of the enzyme substrate complex, ES.
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How do enzymes work?
By aiding the formation of the higher energy transition state in a reaction or by stabilizing that transition state.
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Pauling's hypothesis predicts...
That the transition state binds more strongly to the enzyme than the substrate.
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There are many examples of known molecules that are similar in structure to..... these are known as :
To the transition states. These are known as transition state analogues.
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What is Km a measure of?
A measure of how effectively a transition state binds to the active site of an enzyme.
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The lower the Km, the better or worse the binding?
The better the binding.
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What is the Ki?
It is the equivalent for an inhibitor molecule
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What is the induced fit hypothesis?
The Induced fit model describes the formation of the E-S as a result of the interaction between the substrate and a flexible active site. The substrate produces changes in the conformation on the enzyme, aligning properly the groups in the enzyme.
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The site of the substrate to which the enzyme binds is called the:
Catalytic site/ Active site
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Where do amino acids in the active site come from?
Different locations.
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What is the active site usually?
A 3D pocket or groove in the structure of the enzyme
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What are the 3 ways in which the active site facilitates reactions?
1.) Entropy effect 2.) Orbital steering 3.) Induced fit
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What is the entropy effect?
Substrates held next to each other or catalytic groups for increased length of time
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What is orbital steering?
Best orientation of substrate relative to catalytic groups. Single bonds allow for roation, if you need to orientate things in a particular way. An enzyme stops the rotation about the bons so there is more chance it'll react.
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What is induced fit?
Maximal binding involves changes to conformation of E and S
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How does induced fit improve specificity?
Without the enzyme providing induced fit, some of the amino acids are on opposite sides, as it stands they are too far apart to undergo catalysis.
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Where did I get to>
Slide 23
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How do enzymes work?
Back
By aiding the formation of the higher energy transition state in a reaction or by stabilizing that transition state.
Card 3
Front
Pauling's hypothesis predicts...
Back
Card 4
Front
There are many examples of known molecules that are similar in structure to..... these are known as :
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