Biodiversity, classification, evolution definitions 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDNA, genetics and evolutionASWJEC Created by: AnnaSadlerCreated on: 02-12-15 19:00 homologous Having a common origin but serving a different function (pentadactyl limb) 1 of 25 analogous having the same function but a different origin (wings of insects/birds) 2 of 25 Convergent evolution unrelated organisms acquiring similar structures 3 of 25 DNA hybridisation the extraction and comparison of DNA. (more alike the sequences, the more closely related) 4 of 25 Immunological comparisons injecting antibodies into another species which will react with corresponding antigens, forming a precipitate. (more precipitate more closely related) 5 of 25 Phylogeny evolutionary relationship between organisms 6 of 25 what is taxonomy based on? evolutionary relationships 7 of 25 biodiversity a measure of the number of species on the planet 8 of 25 evolution the process by which new species are formed over a long period of time. 9 of 25 Taxon a classification group 10 of 25 speciation formation of a new species 11 of 25 natural selection the process by which evolution occurs. the best adapted organisms survive reproduce and pass on their advantageous genes. 12 of 25 species a group of closely related organisms with similar morphology behavior biochemistry and ecology that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. 13 of 25 species biodiversity the number of species and the number of individuals of each species in a given environment. 14 of 25 species richness number of species 15 of 25 biodiversity hotspots areas with a high no. of endemic species. 16 of 25 morphology similar structures may be analogous rather than homologous so biochemical and DNA analysis is needed to determine relatedness. 17 of 25 species evenness the relative abundance of a species compared with other 18 of 25 genetic diversity variety of alleles in a gene pool 19 of 25 genetic bottleneck catastrophic event reduces population size and gene pool 20 of 25 hierarchy a system of ranking in which small groups are nested in larger groups 21 of 25 binomial system the system of giving organisms a unique name. 22 of 25 polymorphism the occurrence of more than one phenotype in a population that cannot be accounted for by mutation alone. 23 of 25 phenotype the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment 24 of 25 Genetic or DNA fingerprint/profile a pattern unique for each individual related to the base sequences of their DNA 25 of 25
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