Biochemistry- Proteins

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  • Created by: KayshaN
  • Created on: 09-10-19 17:52
Outline some features of Glucose.
sweet, energy, can be alpha and beta
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Outline some features of Glycogen.
alpha 1,4 and 1,6 linkages, heavily branched
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Outline some features of Starch.
two sub units, Amylose with alpha 1,4 linkages, Amylopectin with alpha 1,4 and 1,6 linkages
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Outline some features of Cellulose.
beta 1,4, indigestible
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Galactose
similar to glucose but with diff position one hydroxyl group
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Lactose
glucose and galactose
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Sucrose
glucose and fructose
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Describe the Acid-Base Nature of Amino Acids.
Every AA has at least 2 weakly ionising groups= two pKa values. from -COOH and -NH3+
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Define pKa.
is the pH at which a weakly acidic grouo is 50% dissociated. The lower the number, the stronger the acid.
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pKa of COOH and NH3+
COOH= 2.3 and NH3+= 9.7
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What is the general rule in relation to pH and pKa?
At pH below the pKa value, the undissociated form dominates. If above pH dissociated form dominates.
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Which 7 AA have additonal ionising groups?
ASP, Glu (ACIDIC) HIS, ARG, LYS (BASIC) TYR, CYS (ALSO IONISE)
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Outline Primary Structure.
linear seq AA residues in pp
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Outline Secondary Structure.
regularly repeating regions, alpha helcies and beta pleated sheets.
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Outline the structure of Heamoglobin.
2 alpha 2 beta tetramer, pair ab dimers, 70% alpha helices, pocket around heam, 4 heam groups, Allosteric protein- changes at one place e,g. o2 binds to heam, changes shape at different site, easier for heam bind.
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Alpha Helixes
C=O is H bonded with amdie hydrgoen 4 places ahead, all side chains project outwards, two faced- hydrophobic R-groups one side, hydrophillic other.
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Beta Pleated Sheets
multiple B strands side by side, parallel and antiparallel. Stablised by H bonding between NH and C=O adjacent.
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Outline the Tiertary Sturture.
folding of pp chains, 3D structure, conformation, non-covalent interactions (Van der Waals, Ionic) and convalent S-S bridges
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Outline the structure of Myoglobin.
globular, contains heam group (sheltered by hydrophobic environement), soluble, hydrophobic core, dominated by righthanded helices, no beta sheet
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What is meant by a Domain?
Independently Folded, compact units- e.g. in antibodies, define binding sites.
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Outline the Quaternary Struture.
Organsiation of subunits, more than one pp chain, e.g. PFK, typicall non-covaelnt/hydrophobic interactions
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Outline Collagen.
Fiberous, three long polpeptide chains, each have non-polar glycine every 3rd postion, wind around each other, triple helix, bind to one another end-to-end, fibrils.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Outline some features of Glycogen.

Back

alpha 1,4 and 1,6 linkages, heavily branched

Card 3

Front

Outline some features of Starch.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Outline some features of Cellulose.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Galactose

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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