BIO DEFINITIONS

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  • Created by: nitisha20
  • Created on: 21-05-17 13:58
AEROBIC RESPIRATION
the chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy
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ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen
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INGESTION
Taking in substances
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MECHANICAL DIGESTION
Breakdown of food into smaller particles without chemical change to food molecules
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CHEMICAL DIGESTION
Breakdown of large insoluble particles to small soluble ones
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ABSORPTION
the movement of small food molecules and ions through the wall of the small intestine
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ASSIMILATION
Movement of digested food molecules in the body cells where they are used.
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EGESTION
Passing out of food that has not been digested or absorbed through faeces or anus
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DIARRHOEA
watery loss of faeces
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TISSUE
Group of cells with similar structures and functions
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ORGAN
Group of tissues working together to perform a specific task or function
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ORGAN SYSTEM
Group of organs performing body functions
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DIFFUSION
Net movement of particles from a region of higher to a region of lower concentration down a concentration gradient as a result of their random motion
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OSMOSIS
Net movement of water particles from a region of higher water potential (diluted) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated) through a semi-permeable membrane
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ACTIVE TRANSPORT
moment of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower to higher concentration using energy from respiration
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CATALYST
substance that increases the rate of a reaction and doesn't change in the reaction
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ENZYMES
proteins that function as bio-catalysts
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TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASE
A disease in which a pathogen can be passed from one host to another
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SENSE ORGANS
group of receptor cells responding to specific stimuli
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HORMONE
Chemical substance secreted by the glands and carried by the blood which alters activity of 1 or more target organs
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HOMEOSTASIS
maintenance of a constant internal environment
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GRAVITOTROPISM
Response in which a part of plant grows towards or away from the gravity
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PHOTOTROPISM
Response in which a part of plant grows towards or away from the light
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ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
a process resulting in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent
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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
process involving the fusion of the nuclei of two haploid gametes (sex cells) to form a diploidzygote and the production of offspring that are genetically different from each other.
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MITOSIS
Nuclear division giving rise of genetically identical cells (SOMATIC CELLS)
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MEIOSIS
nuclear (reduction) division in which the chromosome number is halved from diploid to haploid resulting in genetically different cells
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POLLINATION
process of transfer of the pollen from the anther to the stigma
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SELF-POLLINATION
transfer of the pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or a different flower of the same plant.
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CROSS-POLLINATION
transfer of the pollen from the anther to the stigma of different plant but same species
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SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
An infection that is transmitted via body fluids through sexual contact
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DRUG
A substance that alters or modifies the chemical reactions of the body
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MOVEMENT
An action by which an organism changes place or position
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RESPIRATION
chemical reaction in the body that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism
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SENSITIVITY
Ability to detect and respond stimuli in external or internal environment
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GROWTH
Permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both
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REPRODUCTION
Process that make more of the same kind of organism
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EXCRETION
Removal from the organisms of the toxic material and excess substances and waste products of metabolism
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NUTRITION
Taking in of materials for growth and development. Plants require light, carbon dioxide, water and ions. Animals require organic compounds. ions and water
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SPECIES
Group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
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BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE
Naming species in an internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of the organism is made of 2 parts, the genus and the species.
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Card 2

Front

the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen

Back

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

Card 3

Front

Taking in substances

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Breakdown of food into smaller particles without chemical change to food molecules

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Breakdown of large insoluble particles to small soluble ones

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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