Name the organs in the digestive system and their functions.
Mouth - food is chewed by teeth and swallowed. Salivary glands - makes saliva containing carbohydrates. Oesophagus - tube that connects the mouth and stomach. Stomach - contains protease enzyme & hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria.
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Name the organs in the digestive system and their functions cont.
Pancreas - produces carbohydrase, lipase & protease enzymes and releases them into small intestine. Small intestine - food molecules absorbed into bloodstream. Large intestine - Water from waste food is absorbed. Liver - produces bile which breaks down la
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Name the organs in the digestive system and their functions cont. 2
Gall bladder - stores bile. Rectum - stores faeces. Anus - Faeces leaves the body here.
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What is the pathway of food?
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum,anus.
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What are digestive enzymes?
enzymes that break down large food molecules into smaller molecules.
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Name 3 digestive enzymes.
Amylase (carbohydrase), protease, and lipase.
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Explain amylase.
It breaks down starch into glucose. It is made by salivary glands, pancreas, and small intestine. It is used in the mouth and small intestine.
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Explain protease.
It breaks down protein into amino acids. It is made by the stomach, pancreas, and small intestine. It is used by the stomach and small intestine.
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Explain lipase.
It breaks down lipids, (fats), into fatty acids and glycerol. It is made by the pancreas and small intestine. it is used in the small intestine.
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Explain bile. (not an enzyme)
It is a chemical involved in fat digestion. It is made in the liver. It is stored in the gall bladder. It is released into the small intestine to work.
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What are the 2 jobs of bile?
Neutralise the stomach acid to make conditions in the small intestine more alkaline, so the enzymes can work. (from ph2 to ph8). It also emulsifies fats for lipase enzymes to work.
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Which enzyme breaks down fats?
Lipase.
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Which enzyme breaks down protein into amino acids?
Protease.
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What is the optimum ph for enzymes to work in the stomach?
ph2.
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Why are enzymes used in industry?
Because they lower production cost because they need lower temperatures and pressures for them to work.
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Which enzyme is used in diet food? what are the advantages/disadvantages?
Isomerase. It converts glucose into fructose. Fructose is sweeter than
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Which enzyme is used in baby food? what are the advantages/disadvantages?
Protease. It pre-digests protein in baby foods. An advantage is that the babies digestive system can cope better and they can get amino acids needed for growth and repair.
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Which enzyme is used in washing powders? what are the advantages/disadvantages?
Protease and lipase. They break down stains caused by proteins and fats such as grease. An advantage is that washing can be done at lower temperatures so its more eco friendly however people could be allergic.
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Which enzyme is used in other food examples? what are the advantages/disadvantages?
Carbohydrase. It breaks down cheap syrup into glucose. can be used in energy drinks. An advantage is that is saves manufactures money as it is a cheap source of sweetness.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Name the organs in the digestive system and their functions cont.
Back
Pancreas - produces carbohydrase, lipase & protease enzymes and releases them into small intestine. Small intestine - food molecules absorbed into bloodstream. Large intestine - Water from waste food is absorbed. Liver - produces bile which breaks down la
Card 3
Front
Name the organs in the digestive system and their functions cont. 2
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