Beliefs topic 1 flashcards

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Define Substantive definitions of religion
Weber: Belief in God or supernatural. They are exclusive.
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Define Functional definitions of religion
Durkheim: The contribution it makes to social integration. Yinger: Answering ultimate questions. Inclusive.
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Social Constructionist definition
Can't define universally. How it is defined. Aldridge: Scientology banned by government, those who have the power can define what is and isnt religion.
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Durkheim's function of religion
Sacred and profane, totemism, collective conscience, cognitive functions.
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Who says religion performs psychological functions with what example
Malinowski, Trobandi islanders, lagoon and ocean fishing
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What does Parsons say about religion?
It creates and legitimates societies values and is the primary source of meaning. ultimate questions allow individuals to adjust and thus maintain stability.
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Bellah?
Civil religion.
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Define Civil religion
A belief system attaching sacred qualities to society itself.
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Criticism's of functionalism
Worsley: No sharp division between sacred and profane. Ignores the conflicts within society. Is civil religion really a religion?
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Marxist view: Karl Marx
Religion is an ideology, religion and alienation.
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What is the Hindu Caste system?
A belief system within India where ascribed status is believed and there are 'untouchables.' They must maintain their position and accept this, in order for 'Karma' to occur, and to be reincarnated into a higher caste after death. Legitimates class.
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Criticisms of Marxism
Abercrombie+Turner: Christianity was part of pre-capitalist society and didn't impact peasantry.Ignores positives
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Feminist explanations/evidence of patriarchy are:
Organisations: Male-dominated, Armstrong: Not priests=Marginalisation. Worship: Screens, menstruating =no input Holm: devalues women.Texts and laws
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Internal criticism of feminism?
Woodhead: Religious feminism. Used in a way to gain respect and freedom. Evangelical groups demand men to respect women and the Hijab is a way to enter public sphere with respect and culture.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define Functional definitions of religion

Back

Durkheim: The contribution it makes to social integration. Yinger: Answering ultimate questions. Inclusive.

Card 3

Front

Social Constructionist definition

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Durkheim's function of religion

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who says religion performs psychological functions with what example

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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