Behaviourist Approach

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What is the main assumption of the Behaviourist Approach?
We are born a blank slate (tabla rasa)
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What do Behaviourists ignore?
The principles of the mind
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What do they concentrate on?
Observable and measurable behaviour
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Why do the behaviourist ignore introspection?
Because it is too vague
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What is Operant conditioning?
A form of learning in which behaviour is shaped and learnt by it consequences.
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What are the 3 different types of reinforcement?
Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and punishment
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What is the definition of reinforcement?
A consequence of behaviour that increase or decreases the likeliness of that specific behaviour being repeated
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What is positive reinforcement?
Positive reinforcement is being rewarded or praised for a behaviour. it increases the likelihood of it being repeated
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What is negative reinforcement?
Negative reinforcement is producing a behaviour to avoid the consequence or something unpleasant
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Who was the psychologist that discovered operant conditioning?
Skinner
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What was Skinners research?
Skinnner placed hungry rats in a box. The box contained a lever on the side and as the rat moved about the box it would accidentally knock the lever. Immediately it did so a food pellet would drop. The rats learned the lever produced food.
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What is Classical conditioning?
Learning by association. An unconditioned (unlearned) stimulus and a new 'neutral' stimulus. The neutral stimulus eventually produces the same response as the unlearned stimulus.
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How do Behaviourist maintain more control and objectivity in their studies?
They use high controlled lab studies
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Why can animals replace humans in these studies?
Because behaviourist suggests all species are the same in all species
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Positives of the behaviourist approach
Scientific credibility- because behaviourism only focuses on observable and measurable behaviour in highly controlled lab studies. It emphasises the importance of scientific principles such as objectivity and replication. Uses scientific methods
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What are the real life applications?
Used in a broad range of areas e.g. prisons. Patients don't have to engage much in therepy
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Mechanistic view
This point of view sees animals as passive and machine like to the environment with little insight into there behaviour which means this approach may be more towards animals rather than humans
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do Behaviourists ignore?

Back

The principles of the mind

Card 3

Front

What do they concentrate on?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why do the behaviourist ignore introspection?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is Operant conditioning?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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