Behaviorist approach

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What is the premise of classical conditioning?
All animals have natural refexes in reaction to certain stimuli (such as salivation upon the presence of food). when another stimulus is introduced
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How did Pavlov discover classical conditioning?
He observed that when dogs were presented with food they would begin to salevate. when this was paired with a bell it produced the same response
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What is the UCS?
food
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What is the UCR?
Salevation
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What is the NS?
the bell
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What happens if the timing between the NS and UCS is too great?
condtioning will not occur
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When the CS is presented without the UCS it loses its ability to produce CR, what is this called?
Extinction
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What is spontanious recovery?
If classicly conditioned stimli have undergone extinction the pairing of such stimuli with the original UCS will quickly become conditioned
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When does the NS become the CS and the UCR become the CR?
when the NS causes the UCR without the presence of the UCS
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To maintain a respoponse and avoid exptinction what can we do?
Schedules of reinforcement - only reinforcing the behavior at intervals between demonstrations of the appropriate behavior prevent extinction
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E1: What benefits have we gained from CC?
Treatment such as systematic desensitization is highly successful at forming new associations with a phobic stimulus
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E2: What limitations of CC are there?
It does not account for biological preparedness: Seligman (1970) in which soe species are more readily prepared to form associations with certain stimulus in order to survive
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E3: What benefits have we gained from Operant Conditioning?
Skinners box (1938) is a good example of the scintific naure of the behaviourist approach. by using the box he was ble to manipulate the IV and measure the DV, establishing a causal relationship.
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E4: What has Skinner been critisised for?
Skinner has been criticized for his reliance on animal research (rats + pigeons) because they are not generalisable to Human behavior.
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E4: what is the main difference between us and animals?
Huumans rely on councious decision making and have more complex behaviors because of it.
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pavlolv (1927) observed that animals that have been classicaly conditioned to a certain stimulus react similarly to when they are presented with a similar stimulus. wht is this known as?
stimulus genrelisation
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Card 2

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How did Pavlov discover classical conditioning?

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He observed that when dogs were presented with food they would begin to salevate. when this was paired with a bell it produced the same response

Card 3

Front

What is the UCS?

Back

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Card 4

Front

What is the UCR?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is the NS?

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