Basal Ganglia

?
What is the basal ganglia?
A group of structures that work together
1 of 31
All ... have one?
Vertebrates
2 of 31
What suggests that it is ancient?
Evidence from fossils
3 of 31
What has not changed?
Problem that BG evolved to solve
4 of 31
When did the BG start to grow?
60 million years ago
5 of 31
What is the same across all the BG?
Local micro-architecture
6 of 31
What is part of the BG and limbic system?
Amygdala
7 of 31
Some parts of the .... are considered to be part of the BG or limbic system
Telencephalon
8 of 31
What are 3 external inputs?
Cerebral cortex, limbic system and brain stem via thalamus
9 of 31
What does the BG control?
Motivation and motor processing
10 of 31
What is involved in the motivational version of the selection problem?
Competing functional (motivational) systems
11 of 31
What shares the motor system?
Independent parralel processing
12 of 31
What problem does this cause?
Which areas should be allowed to access motor output
13 of 31
What does the superior colliculus do, often referred to as "brain burglar alarm"?
Looks everywhere but is changed by sudden movement
14 of 31
What is an ancient example of this problem?
Wildebeest and crocodile - which animal should the crocodile eat?
15 of 31
What hasn't this done -
Changed much - "if it's not broken, don't fix it"
16 of 31
What is this solved by?
re-entrant loop architecture
17 of 31
What is the output of BG to hypothalamus?
Inhibitory
18 of 31
What does BG focus on (it isn't smart)?
Which loop is shouting loudest
19 of 31
The signals of the loop are strongest if need of loop is ...
Highest
20 of 31
What can each level of the sensorimotor system do once activated?
Operate without control of higher levels
21 of 31
What are the mechanisms in place to ensure they stay effective?
BG and cerebellum
22 of 31
What was used to simulate behaviour of rat?
Robot
23 of 31
What was used as food?
Cans
24 of 31
How long were rats deprived of food for?
24 hours
25 of 31
After the fear of the open space dissipated, why did they run to the food?
Because the need for food was stronger than the fear
26 of 31
What were the 5 steps of the study in robots?
1) wall seek 2) wall follow 3) can seek 4) can follow 5) can deposit
27 of 31
What is the new brain driven by?
Selected goal
28 of 31
What is the old brain driven by?
Selected stimulus
29 of 31
What is one example of basic systems winning out over rational thought?
Same amount of spider phobias in UK where spiders are not poisonous as in Australia where they are
30 of 31
What disorder can the breakdown of the pathway that projects to the striatum from the substantia nigra in the BG cause?
Parkinson's disease
31 of 31

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

All ... have one?

Back

Vertebrates

Card 3

Front

What suggests that it is ancient?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What has not changed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When did the BG start to grow?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Neuroscience resources »