IV = whether the participant was an adult or an adolescent which therefore was naturally occurring. D.V= performance on a sample mixed gambles game during an fMRI scan.
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Sample?
Recruited via self-selected sampling. 1). 19 health right handed adults between the ages of 25-30. 2). 22 healthy right handed adolescents between the ages of 13 -17 yrs old (none had health issues)Results
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Hypotheses 1?
Adolescents will exhibit greater behavioural sensitivity (accept more gambles) to increasing expected value than adults.
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Hypotheses 2?
Neuro-biologically ventral striatum activation will modulate in proportion to increasing expected value more for adolescents that adults.
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Hypotheses 3?
Adults who behave like adolescents in terms of gambling behaviour will not exhibit hyperactive striatal activation.
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Results?
1). Acceptance rates did not change in adolescents or adults when there is no risk involved. 2). P's were more likely to accept a gamble when the expected value was positive, there was no significant difference between adolescents +adults
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Results?
3). no significant difference in reaction times + on gain-only or loss-only trials. 4) amount of disposable income did not have an effect on the relationship between expected value +acceptance rates
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Results?
5). Positive expected values had a bigger impact on adolescents than adults, this was a significant difference showing a stronger influence on gambling choices of adolescents and greater activation of the ventral striatum.
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Conclusions ?
1) Adolescents risk taking behaviour is affected by the activity in the ventral striatum. Teens showed more activity in this area as the expected value increased, and this is something that changes over time through neural development.
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Conclusions ?
2). Neural responses associated with increases in expected value and risk taking 3) Teenagers show more risk taking behaviour
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Conclusions ?
4). It was not the money as a reward that caused the differences in responses but rather the differences in the valuation of money which is affected by our brain activity-They place greater value on rewards than adults
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List x2 stratigies to reduce risk taking behaviour.
1) Education programmes to reduce neglect and stress. 2) Education programmes- age appropriate curriculum.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
I.V’s and Dv’s?
Back
IV = whether the participant was an adult or an adolescent which therefore was naturally occurring. D.V= performance on a sample mixed gambles game during an fMRI scan.
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