Bandura

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  • Created by: Esme.B
  • Created on: 26-03-18 15:00
Aim?
investigate whether the observed aggressive behaviour would be shown in a range of settings and even when the model was no longer present.
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Hypotheses 1 ?
Children exposed to an aggressive model would reproduce aggressive acts resembling those of their models.
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Hypotheses 2 ?
Observing non-aggressive adults would inhibit the children’s behaviour and they would display less aggression than control groups who did not witness any model.
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Hypotheses 3 ?
Children would imitate behaviour from same-sex models more than opposite-sex models.
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Hypotheses 4 ?
Boys would show more aggression than girls, particularly in the male aggressive role model condition.
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Sample?
1) 72 children Stanford University Nursery (boys+girls: 37-69 months). 2). 48 children: experimental conditions / 24: control group. 3). 3 adults in study: male+female model and a female experimenter who conducted the study.
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Research method?
Lab experiment
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Experimental design?
Independent measures & matched participants design
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Matched participants design?
Matched for aggressiveness: rated on four five-point rating scales by the experimenter and a nursery school teacher.: Scales measured the extent to which p’s displayed physical + verbal aggression towards inanimate objects, + aggressive inhibition.
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What inter-rater reliability was there from the scores?
inter-rater reliability scores was very high (+0.89).
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What were the x4 main experimental conditions?
1) Boy + male aggressive/non-aggressive model 2) Boy + female aggressive/non-aggressive model 3) Girl + male aggressive/non-aggressive model 4) Girl + female aggressive/non-aggressive model
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X3 I.V 's of the study?
1. Whether the child witnessed an aggressive or non-aggressive adult model in the first phase of the experiment (a control group was not exposed to an adult model). 2. The sex of the model 3. The sex of the child
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X3 D.V's of the study?
1.Amount of imitative behaviour+aggression shown by child in phase 3 2.Measured by male model observing each child through one-way mirror 3. 5-secs intervals:displays of imitative aggressive,partially imitative or non-aggressive imitative responses
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What x4 categories were used when observing the children through a one- was mirror for 20 minutes?
1. Imitative aggression (physical, verbal and non-aggressive speech). 2. Partially imitative aggression. 3. Non-imitative physical and verbal aggression. 4. Non-aggressive behaviour.
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Results- Non-imitative aggression?
aggressive group displayed much more non-imitative aggression than the non-aggressive group.
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Results-Non-aggressive behaviour?
Children in the non-aggression condition spent more time playing non-aggressively with dolls + spent more time sitting and playing with nothing than children in the other groups.
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Results- Gender?
Boys imitated more physical aggression than girls but not verbal aggression. Some evidence of ‘same-sex effect’ between model and children: boys more aggressive if watched a male than female model + girls were more affected by a female model.
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Conclusions?
1) Behaviour shown produces imitative behaviour which would not be expected if that behaviour had not been observed. 2) Children learn through observation & imitation
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Conclusions?
3) Behaviour modelled by male adults=greater influence on children’s behaviour than behaviour modelled by a female adult. 4) Both boys+girls are more likely to learn physical aggression from a male adult rather than female.
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Conclusions?
5) Boys and girls are likely to learn verbal aggression from a same-sex adult.
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Card 2

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Hypotheses 1 ?

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Children exposed to an aggressive model would reproduce aggressive acts resembling those of their models.

Card 3

Front

Hypotheses 2 ?

Back

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Card 4

Front

Hypotheses 3 ?

Back

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Card 5

Front

Hypotheses 4 ?

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Preview of the front of card 5
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