Bacterial diseases

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  • Created by: Cal1234
  • Created on: 26-03-19 13:08
what bacteria causes salmonellosis
Salmonella enterica
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what are the characteristics of salmonella enterica
aerobic, gram negative, rod
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how is it transmitted and by what
faecal-oral route, uncooked meat
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how does it cause disease
invades intestinal mucosa and may spread into mesenteric lymph nodes
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what are the clinical outcomes of salmonellosis
acute/chronic gastroenteritis, septicemia, carrier
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how is salmonellosis diagnosed
faecal/food culture, blood culture if speticaemic, post mortem
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what is the treatment of septicemia
supportive for gastroenteritis and septicemia, antiemetics and antibiotics
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What bacteria causes Leptospirosis
Leptospira servoars
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What are the characteristics of Leptospira servoars
anaerobic, gram negative, spirochete, zoonotic
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How is Leptospirosis transmitted
direct contact with urine or contaminated water
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How does Leptospira servoars cause diesease
replicates in blood, kidneys and liver
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What are the clinical signs for Lavar icterohaemorragic
liver damage - rats mainly
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what are the clinical signs of leptospirosis in the host
Weil's disease
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what are the clinical signs for lavar canicola
kidney damage - dogs
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how is leptospirosis diagnosed
Blood tests reflect liver/kidney disease, histology - fluorescent antibody test reveals silver stains
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What is the treatment and prevention of Leptospirosis
Penicillin or tetracycline antibiotics, vaccination, restrict access to water with rodents
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what bacteria is Campylobacteriosis caused by
Campylobacter spp.
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What are the characteristics of Campylobacter
aerobic, gram negative, spirilium, zoonotic
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How is Campylobacter transmitted and what from
faeco-oral route, undercooked poultry, contaminated water
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what are the clinical signs of campylobacter
water mucoid diarrhea, tenesmus, lethargy, inappetence
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what is used for diagnosis of campylobacter
faecal smear, faecal culture
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what is the treatment of campylobacter
antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity often resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins
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what bacteria causes canine infectious tracheobronchitis
bordetella bronchiseptica
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what are the characteristics of bordetella bronchioseptica
gram negative, coccobacillus
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how is canine infectious tracheobronchitis transmitted
aerosol/fomites
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how does bordetella bronchispetica cause disease
it attaches to respiratory alliae causing inflammation
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what are the clinical signs of canine infectious tracheobronchitis
dry hacking cough, retching
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how is canine infectious tracheobrochitis diagnosed
nasal/oropharyngeal swabs for culture
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what is the treatment and prevention of canine infectious tracheobronchitis
usually self listing, supportive treatment, vaccination
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what bacteria causes pasteurellosis
pasturella multocida
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what species is pasteurellosis most common in
rabbits
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what does pasteurellosis usually cause
immunosuppression
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how is pasteurellosis transmitted
direct contact, aerosol, fomites
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what are the clinical signs on pasteurellosis
nasal discharge, sneezing, conjunctivitis, bronchopneumonia, abscesses, head tilt
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how is pasteurellosis diagnosed
bacterial culture, radiography
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what is the treatment for pasteurellosis
antibiotics, surgery,
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what bacteria causes pseudomonas
pseudomonas aeruginosa
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where may pseudomonas be found
skin, mm, faeces, environment
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how does pseudomonas cause disease
it produces toxins and enzymes which promote tissue invasion, damage and ulcerations
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what are the clinical signs of pseudomonas
cystitis, otis externa, pneumonia
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how is pseudomonas diagnosed
cytology of ear swab, C&S
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what is the treatment for pseudomonas
it has a sever multi drug resistance, antibiotics based on C&S
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what bacteria causes e.coli
escherichia coli
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what are the characteristics of escherichia coli
aerobic, gram negative, rod, commensal organism of the colon
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what are the four pathogenic strains of e.coli
ETEC - enterotoxigenic, STEC - shigatoxin, EPEC - enteropathogenic, EIEC - enteroinvasive
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what does ETEC - enterotoxigenic e. coli do
toxins which cause damage to enteric cells
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what does STEC - shigatoxin e.coli do
cytotoxins that damage enteric cells
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what does EPEC - enteropathogenic e.coli do
attach to enterocytes and efface microvilli
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what does EIEC - enteroinvasive e.coli do
invade epithelium and damage mucosa
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what are the clinical signs of e.coli
intestinal disease, diarrhea, UTI, pyometra
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What bacteria causes Feline Chlamydiosis
Chlamoydophila felis
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what are the characteristics of feline chlamydiosis
replicates within host epithelial cell vacuoles
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how is feline chlamydiosis transmitted
oral/nasal discharge
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what are the clinical signs of feline chlamydiosis
conjunctivitis, sneezing, nasal discharge, abortion, still birth
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how is feline chlamydiosis diagnosed
conjunctival swab, PCR, serology
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how is feline chylamidiosis treated
usually self limiting, doxycycline antibiotics
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what does clostridium tetani toxin cause
tetanus
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How does clostridium tetani cause disease
sopre in the environment enter through damage skin, bacteria replicates and produces toxins, toxins bind to nerve receptors blocking pre-synaptic transmission = ******* paralysis
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what are the clinical signs of clostridium tetani
stiffness, spasms, dysphagia, altered HR and RR
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how is clostridium tetani diagnosed
clinical signs, smears from infected wounds and gram stain
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how is clostridium tetani treated
antitoxin administration, antibiotics to inhibit growth, vaccination
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what does clostridium botulinum toxin cause
botulism
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what animal does clostridium botulinum mainly affect
farm animals and wildlife
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how does clostridium botulinum cause disease
toxins are absorbed in GIT which bind to neuromuscular junction causing flaccid paralysis which paralyses facia muscles
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clinical signs of clostridium botulinum
dilated pupils, dry mm, flaccid tongue, recumbency
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how is clostridium botulinum diagnosed
clinical signs, ELISA test
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what is the treatment for clostridium botulinum
polyvalent antiserum
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what bacteria causes feline infectious anemia
mycoplasma haemofelis
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how is feline infectious anemia transmitted
transmitted through insect bite wounds or blood transfusions
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how does feline infectious anemia cause disease
replicates inside erythrocytes causing unstable membranes and hemolysis
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what are the clinical signs of feline infectious anemia
jaundice, weakness, tachycardia, tachypnoea
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how is feline infectious anemia diagnosed
hematology - regenerative anemia, blood smear, PCR
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what is the treatment for feline infectious anemia
supportive, doxycycline antibiotics
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what bacteria cause lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex
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how is lyme disease transmitted
by ticks- exodus ricinus
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what are the clinical signs of lyme disease
pyrexia, lymphadenopathy, lameness, renal failure
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how is lyme disease diagnosed
antibody elisa, clinical signs/history
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what is the treatment for lyme disease
antibiotics, supportive
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Card 2

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what are the characteristics of salmonella enterica

Back

aerobic, gram negative, rod

Card 3

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how is it transmitted and by what

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Card 4

Front

how does it cause disease

Back

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Card 5

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what are the clinical outcomes of salmonellosis

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