B7.1

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  • Created by: mackymoo
  • Created on: 07-05-17 17:51
Differences in the characteristics of individuals can be caused by
Genetic causes,environmental causes and a combination.
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Plants and animals having similar characteristics to their parents
Is carried by genes, which are passed on in the sex cells (gametes) from which the offspring develop.
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Chromosomes in a human body
23 pairs of chromosomes carries the genes that determine sex.
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Female chromosomes
**
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Male chromosomes
XY
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Homozygous
If both chromosomes in a pair contain the same allele of a gene.
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Heterozygous
If the chromosomes in a pair contain different alleles of a gene.
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Dominant allele
An allele that controls the development of a characteristic when it is present on only one of the chromosomes.
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Recessive allele
An allele that controls the development of a characteristic only if the dominant allele is not present.
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Sexual reproduction
The joining (fusion) of male and female gametes. The mixture of the genetic information from two parents leads to variety in the offspring.
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Asexual reproduction
No fusion of gametes and only one individual is needed as the parent. There is no mixing of genetic information and so no genetic variation in the offspring. These genetically identical individuals are known as clones.
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Chromosomes
Made up of large molecules of DNA.
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DNA
DNA contains the coded information that determines inherited characteristics.
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Gene
Small section of DNA. Which codes for a particular combination of amino acids, to make a specific protein.
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General build of DNA
Made of very long strands, twisted to form a double helix, which contain four different compounds, called bases.
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Bases
A sequence of three bases is the code for a particular amino acid. The order of bases controls the order in which amino acids are assembled to produce a particular protein.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Is carried by genes, which are passed on in the sex cells (gametes) from which the offspring develop.

Back

Plants and animals having similar characteristics to their parents

Card 3

Front

23 pairs of chromosomes carries the genes that determine sex.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

**

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

XY

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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