Takes air into and out of the body so that oxygen from the air can diffuse into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide can diffuse out of the bloodstream into the air.
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Lungs
In the upper part of the body (thorax), protected by the ribcage and separated from the lower part of the body (abdomen) by the diaphragm.
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Inhale (Stage 1)
The intercostal muscles contract, pulling the ribcage upwards.
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Inhale (Stage 2)
At the same time the diaphragm muscles contract, causing the diaphragm to flatten.
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Inhale (Stage 3)
These two movements cause an increase in the volume of the thorax.
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Inhale (Stage 4)
The consequent decrease in pressure to below that of the air surrounding the body results in atmospheric air entering the lungs.
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Exhale (Stage 1)
The intercostal muscles relax, allowing the rib cage to move downwards.
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Exhale (Stage 2)
At the same time the diaphragm muscles relax, allowing the diaphragm to resume its domed shape.
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Exhale (Stage 3)
These two movements cause a reduction in the volume of the thorax.
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Exhale (Stage 4)
The consequent increase in pressure results in air leaving the lungs.
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Alveoli
Provide a very large surface area, richly supplied with blood capillaries, so that gases can readily diffuse into and out of the blood.
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Negative pressure ventilators
Which cause air to be 'drawn' into the lungs.
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Positive pressure ventilators
Which force air into the lungs.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
In the upper part of the body (thorax), protected by the ribcage and separated from the lower part of the body (abdomen) by the diaphragm.
Back
Lungs
Card 3
Front
The intercostal muscles contract, pulling the ribcage upwards.
Back
Card 4
Front
At the same time the diaphragm muscles contract, causing the diaphragm to flatten.
Back
Card 5
Front
These two movements cause an increase in the volume of the thorax.
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