B4 - Transport in Plants

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What are xylem and phloem cells?
Plant cells that are tissue that are continuous from the root, through the stem and into the leaf
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What are xylem cells?
Called vessels, dead cells and the lack of living cytoplasm leaves a hollow lumen. Their cellulose walls have extra thickening of lignin, giving great strength and support.
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What are phloem cells?
Are living cells and are arranged in columns
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What are xylem and phloem cells made up of?
Specialised plant cells.
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What do xylem and phloem cells form?
Vascular bundles in broad leaves plants
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What do xylem cells do?
Carry water and minerals from the roots to the leaves; transpiration.
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What do phloem cells do?
Carry food substances such as sugars up and down stems to growing and storage tissues; translocation.
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What is transpiration?
The evaporation and diffusion of water from inside leaves. This loss of water in leaves helps to create a continuous flow of water from the roots to the leaves in xylem cells
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What does transpiration ensure?
That plants have water for cooling by evaporation, photosynthesis, support from the cells' turgor pressure and for transport of minerals
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How is the rate of transpiration increased?
By an increase in light intensity which results in the stomata being open, higher temperature causes an increase in the evaporation of water,increase in air movement blowin away air containin lot evaporated water,a decreasehumidity mor water evaporat
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How is the structure of a leaf adapted to prevent too much water loss?
Having a waxy cuticle covering the outer epidermal cells and by most stomatal openings being situated on the shaded lower surface
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How is the structure of a leaf adapted to reduce water loss?
Guard cells are able to change size of stomatal openings. Guard cells contain chloroplasts so photosynthesis will produce sugars, increasing turgor pressure, causing the cells to swell.Due to different thickness of walls,guard cells curve,stomataopen
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How are plant leaves adapted for efficient photosynthesis?
Having stomata for entry and exit of gases. The spongy mesophyll cells are also covered with a film of water in which the gases can dissolve. This water can therefore readily escape through the stomata.
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How can further reduction in water be brought about?
Fewer stomata, smaller stomata, positioning of stomata, stomata's distribution
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are xylem cells?

Back

Called vessels, dead cells and the lack of living cytoplasm leaves a hollow lumen. Their cellulose walls have extra thickening of lignin, giving great strength and support.

Card 3

Front

What are phloem cells?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are xylem and phloem cells made up of?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What do xylem and phloem cells form?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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