B4 The Processes of Life - Summary

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What is the function of a) the nucleus, b) the cytoplasm, c) the cell membrane and d)mitochondria?
a) to store genetic information b) to conduct some chemical reactions and act as a medium in the cell c) to hold the cell together and d) energy production
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Name 3 things that plant cells have that animal cells don't.
Large Vacuole, Chloroplasts, Cell Wall
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Yeast Cells have mitochondria and a nucleus, true or false?
True, as well as a cell wall
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What kind of cells have a cell wall but no nucleus?
Bacteria
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Give a definition of an enzyme.
A natural catalyst
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Describe the Lock and Key model
A specific substrate(s) can only be modified by a particular Enzyme with a certain shaped Active site (as is the case with a Lock and a Key)
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Name 2 things that effect how quickly an enzyme works
Temperature and pH
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What is a denatured enzyme?
An enzyme whose active site has been changed as a result of extremities of pH or Temperature and so cannot modify its specific Substrate(s)
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Name 3 things that the energy released by respiration is used for.
Movement, Active Transport and the Synthesis of Large Molecules
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What type of respiration, aerobic or anaerobic, releases more energy per glucose molecule?
Aerobic Respiration
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What is the Word Equation for Aerobic Respiration?
Oxygen + Glucose --> Carbon Dioxide + Water
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What is the symbol equation for Aerobic Respiration?
6O2 +C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 +6H2O
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Give an example when human cells respire anaerobically.
When you do vigorous exercise your body cannot supply oxygen to your muscle cells for aerobic respiration - they have to start respiring anaerobically
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Anaerobic Respiration releases energy. What does it produce in a) Animal Cells and b) Yeast Cells
a) Lactic Acid b) Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide
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Briefly describe how bread is made using yeast.
The yeast ferment the carbohydrates in the flour and release carbon dioxide - causing the bread to rise.
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Briefly describe the process of Photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a series of Chemical reactions that use energy from sunlight to produce food.
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What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + Water --> Oxygen + Glucose
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What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
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Give the three main ways Plants use Glucose.
Respiration, Synthesis of Growth Chemicals and Storage as Starch
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What are the 3 main factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis?
Light, CO2 Concentration and Temperature
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Describe how to take a transect.
Run a tape measure between two fixed points; start at one end and collect whatever data you want and then work your way down the tape measure.
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Describe how you might use a Quadrat when investigating plants
You could estimate the percentage cover of a plant species on the ground by counting how much of the quadrat is covered by the species - counting a square if it's more than half-covered.
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What is an identification key?
It's a series of questions that can be used to determine the species of plant in question. Each answer narrowing down your options of what the plant could be.
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Give a definition of Diffusion.
Diffusion is the Passive overall movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration.
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Give two examples of chemicals that can move in or out of leaf cells by diffusion
Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen
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What is Osmosis?
Osmosis is the overall movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
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Give two ways in which active transport differs from diffusion.
It transports chemicals from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration and requires energy.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name 3 things that plant cells have that animal cells don't.

Back

Large Vacuole, Chloroplasts, Cell Wall

Card 3

Front

Yeast Cells have mitochondria and a nucleus, true or false?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What kind of cells have a cell wall but no nucleus?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give a definition of an enzyme.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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