B4 ECOLOGY IN THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENT

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  • Created by: Delice
  • Created on: 13-03-17 21:05
What is an ecosystem
An ecosystem is a physical environment with a particular set of conditions , plus all the organisms that live in it
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natural ecosystems ....
have high biodiversity i.e many different species of plants and animals coexist in the same environment
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artificial ecosystems ....
for example , greenhouses are designes and maintained for a particular porpose so they lower biodiversity.
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what are weedkillers, fertilisers and pesticides used for in artificial ecosystems ?
to prevent other animals and plants from growing alongside the crop. This leads to low bio dversity
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Forestry plantations are very carefully set up , controlled and monitored . Why do they have less biodiversity ?
Due to the fact that they havent been established for as long as natural woodland , which take years to form , and result from the relationships and interactions of organisims that live there and their surroundings .
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True or false , In forestry plantations , fewer species are introduced at the setting up stage and not all species survive from the start
True
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how will fish farms show biodiversty ?
due to the shorter time they have existed compared to lakes. Plus in the abscence of many predators some fish species will thrive while others will not . Also there are fewer diseases which may result in too many of certain species reducing others
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What is a habitat
Its a part of the physical environment where an animal or plant lives. An organism will have adopted to its habitat , so it may be restricted to living there. It may only eat the food there
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What is a community
This is the total number of individuals of all the different populations of plants and animals that live together in a habitat at any one time
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What is a population
Is the total number of individuals of the same species that live in a certain area
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Ecosystems are self supporting in all factors , e.g providing mates , shelter , but the only one thing they all rely on is.....
an energy source ( THE SUN ) and producers at the bottom of the food chain .
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name the techniques to measure the size and distribution of a population?
pooters , sweepnets , pitfall traps ar quadrats
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`what are pooters
they are containers used to collect insects easily , without harming them
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what are sweepnts used for ?
they are used to collect insects in long grass or moderately dense woodland where there are lots of shrubs
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what are pitfall traps
they are containers set into the ground that are used to catch small insects e.g beetles
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what are quadrats
square frames that have sides usually 0.5m long.
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how do quadrats work
They are used to count a smaller ,representative part of a population.You should throw them randomly on the ground , then count and record the number of each species within the quadrat.You can then estimate the population of each species in the area
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why can quadratic sizes ?
depending on the area you are surveying
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scaling up helps with...
estimating a population from small sample area . It is impotant that the throws are random
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what are the most important things when sampling?
1) take a big enough sample to make the results a good estimate - the larger the sample the more accurate the results. 2) sample randomly-the more likely it is to be representative of the population.In a habitat,organisms are distributed at random
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what is capture-recapture
it is (also known as lincoln index) is a method used to estimate a population size. Populations can be difficult to sample because species move around all the time
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Card 2

Front

natural ecosystems ....

Back

have high biodiversity i.e many different species of plants and animals coexist in the same environment

Card 3

Front

artificial ecosystems ....

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what are weedkillers, fertilisers and pesticides used for in artificial ecosystems ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Forestry plantations are very carefully set up , controlled and monitored . Why do they have less biodiversity ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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