The net movement of particles in a gas or liquid from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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How does this work in plants?
If a plant cell is using up carbon dioxide, there is a lower concentration of it inside the cell, so carbon dioxide will enter by diffusion.
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How are leaves adapted to increase the rate of diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen?
Usually a large surface area, specialised openings called stomata which are spaced out, gaps between spongy mesophyll cells.
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How can the rate of diffusion be increased?
Having a shorter distance for the molecules to travel, having a steeper concentration gradient(greater difference in concentration), having a greater surface area for the molecules to diffuse from or into
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What is osmosis a type of?
A type of diffusion that depends on the presence of a partially-permeable membrane that allows the passage of water molecules but not large molecules like glucose.
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What is osmosis?
The movement of water across a partially-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration (a dillute solution) to an area of low water concentration (a concentrated solution)
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What is osmosis the consequence of?
Random movement of water molecules, which is not restricted by a partially permeable membrane. The net movement of water molecules will be from an area where there are many to one where there are few.
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What does osmosis require?
The presence of a partially permeable membrance
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What does knowing the different concentrations of water inside and outside cells make possible?
To predict the net movement of water molecules
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What is turgor pressure?
The entry of water into plant cells pushing on the cell wall which is rigid not elastic.
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What does turgor pressure do?
Stops the plant from collapsing. When too much water leaves a cell, it loses this pressure and the plant wilts
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What is a plant cell full of water called?
Turgid
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What is the process of plasmolysation ?
When the cell loses water and cell contents shrink
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What is a plant cell with no water called?
Flaccid
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What other cells also react to intake and loss of water due to osmosis?
Animal cells. They will shrink and collapse when they lose too much water, and swell up when too much water enters.
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What is crenation?
When too much water leaves an animal cell and the animal cell shrinks into a scalloped shape.
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What is lysis?
When animal cells swell up and burst since animal cells lack a supporting cell wall.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How does this work in plants?
Back
If a plant cell is using up carbon dioxide, there is a lower concentration of it inside the cell, so carbon dioxide will enter by diffusion.
Card 3
Front
How are leaves adapted to increase the rate of diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen?
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