B4
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- Created by: Ola182
- Created on: 29-05-17 12:00
What is the function of the nucleus?
It contains DNA which contains instruction for making proteins, e.g. enzymes used in chemical reactions of respiration and photosynthesis
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What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Gel-like substance where proteins like enzymes are made. Some enzyme-controlled reactions take place in the cytoplasm.
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What is the function of the cell membrane?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out. it lets gases and water pass through freely while acting as a barrier to other chemicals.
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What is the function of the mitochondria?
These are where the enzymes needed for reactions are found, and where the reactions take place
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Name three things that plant cells have that animal cells don't.
Rigid cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts
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What type of cells have cell walls but no nucleus?
Bacterial cells
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Give a definition of an enzyme.
Proteins that speed up reactions.
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Describe the lock and key model.
Every enzyme molecule has an active site (where the substrate joins on). Enzymes usually only speed up one reaction because they need the correct shape substrate to bind to their active site
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Name two things that effect how well an enzyme works.
pH and temperature
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What is a denatured enzyme?
An enzyme whose active site has been warped so it can no longer bind to its substrate
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Name three things that the energy released by respiration is used for.
Movement, active transport and synthesis of large molecules
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What type of respiration releases more energy per glucose molecule?
Aerobic
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Write the word equation for aerobic respiration.
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
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Write the symbol equation for aerobic respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 +6H2O
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Give an example of when humans respire anaerobically.
When you do vigorous exercise your body can't supply enough oxygen to your muscle cells for aerobic respiration - they have to start anaerobic respiration.
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What does anaerobic respiration produce in animal cells?
Lactic acid
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What does anaerobic respiration produce in yeast cells?
Ethanol + carbon dioxide
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Describe how bread is made using yeast.
The yeast ferment the carbohydrates in the flour and release carbon dioxide which causes the bread to rise.
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Describe the process of photosythesis.
Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and allows energy to be used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (oxygen is produced as a waste product)
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Write the word equation for photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
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Write the symbol equation for photosynthesis.
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Give the three main ways plants use glucose
For respiration, to make chemicals for growth and to store starch.
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Name three factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis.
Too high or low temperature, not enough light or too little carbon dioxide.
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Describe how to use a transect
Run a tape measure between two points and collect the data you want along the line.
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Describe how you might use a quadrat when investigating plants.
Place a quadrat on the group and count the amount squares covered with a certain plant - you can easily find the percentage covered this way.
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What is an identification key?
A series of yes or no questions that you can use to identify what a plant is.
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Give a definition of diffusion.
The passive overall movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration
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Give two examples of chemicals that can move in or out of leaf cells by diffusion.
They use up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and produce oxygen. Both of these pass in and out by diffusion
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What is osmosis?
The overall movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.
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Give two ways in which active transport differs from diffusion.
AT is from low to high whereas D is from high to low concentration. D doesn't need energy whereas AT uses energy from respiration.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Back
Gel-like substance where proteins like enzymes are made. Some enzyme-controlled reactions take place in the cytoplasm.
Card 3
Front
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Back
Card 5
Front
Name three things that plant cells have that animal cells don't.
Back
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