B3e: The Circulatory System

The development of larger, multicellular organisms has resulted in the development of complex organ systems. This item describes one of these systems, the circulatory system. It explains why blood is vital for life as it transports materials around the body to and from different cells. Research and presentation of a report on disorders of the blood allows the opportunity to use ICT in teaching and learning to present information using scientific language and conventions. 

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What three things are dissolved in the blood?
Red blood cells, White blood cells and platelets,
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What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen
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What is the function of white blood cells?
To protect against disease
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What is the function of platelets?
To help the blood to clot
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What does blood move around the body in?
Arteries, Veins and Capillaries.
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What is function of the left side of the heart?
To pump blood to the whole body.
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What is function of the right left side of the heart?
To pump blood to the lungs.
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Where is blood at the highest pressure? In arteries, veins or capillaries?
Arteries.
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Explain, in terms of pressure difference, why blood flows from one area to another.
The high pressure in arteries lets blood flow into the capillaries, while the lower pressure in veins lets blood flow from the capillaries.
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Give four features of a red blood cell.
Small size, Flattened disc shape (biconcave), contains haemoglobin, and lack of nucleus.
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Why is a red blood cell of a small size?
Lets red blood cells pass through narrow capillaries.
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Why is a red blood cell a biconcave shape?
Provides a large surface area, allowing rapid diffusion of oxygen.
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Why does a red blood cell contain haemoglobin?
Haemoglobin absorbs oxygen in the lungs and releases oxygen in the rest of the body.
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Why does a red blood cell have no nuclues?
Increases amount of space inside the cell for haemoglobin.
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What is the function of plasma?
Plasma transports dissolved substances around the body including hormones, minerals, antibodies, water, glucose, vitamins, amino acids, and waste substances (urea and carbon dioxide)
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How is the red blood cell adapted to it's function (SA:V ratio)
The shape of a red blood cell and its small size provides a large surface area to volume ratio. This allows oxygen to diffuse into the cell quickly.
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What does haemoglobin react with in the lungs? Explain
The haemoglobin inside the cells reacts with oxygen in the lungs to form oxyhaemoglobin. When the blood reaches the tissues, this reaction reverses, making oxygen available to the cells there.
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How are the arteries adapted to cope with high pressure generated by the heart?(3)
They have thick outer walls, and thick layers of muscle and elastic fibres.
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How are the veins adapted to cope with lower pressure generated by the heart?(3)
They have thin walls, a large lumen (inside diameter) and valves.
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How are the capillaries adapted to their function?
The smallest blood vessels called the capillaries, have permeable walls to allow the exchange of gases and other dissolved substances with tissue cells.
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What is the advantage of mammals having double circulatory systems?
Returning blood to heart after it's picked up O means it can be pumped around body at a much higher pressure.This increases rate of blood flow to tissues so more O can be delivered 2 cells.This's important cuz they use lots of O maintaining body temp
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Why does the left ventricle have a thicker muscle?
This is because the left ventricle has to pump blood all the way around the body, but the right ventricle only has to pump it to the lungs.
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What is the function of left and right ventricles?
To pump blood.
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What is the function of left and right atria?
To receive blood.
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What is the function of semilunar, tricuspid and bicuspid valves?
To prevent backflow.
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Function of arteries.
To carry blood away from heart at high pressure
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Function of veins.
Allow exchange of materials between blood and tissues.
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Function of capillaries.
Return low pressure blood to heart.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of red blood cells?

Back

To transport oxygen

Card 3

Front

What is the function of white blood cells?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the function of platelets?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does blood move around the body in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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